Python matplotlib.pyplot.show() Examples

def demo_plot():
    audio = './data/esc10/audio/Dog/1-30226-A.ogg'
    y, sr = librosa.load(audio, sr=44100)
    y_ps = librosa.effects.pitch_shift(y, sr, n_steps=6)   # n_steps控制音调变化尺度
    y_ts = librosa.effects.time_stretch(y, rate=1.2)   # rate控制时间维度的变换尺度
    plt.subplot(311)
    plt.plot(y)
    plt.title('Original waveform')
    plt.axis([0, 200000, -0.4, 0.4])
    # plt.axis([88000, 94000, -0.4, 0.4])
    plt.subplot(312)
    plt.plot(y_ts)
    plt.title('Time Stretch transformed waveform')
    plt.axis([0, 200000, -0.4, 0.4])
    plt.subplot(313)
    plt.plot(y_ps)
    plt.title('Pitch Shift transformed waveform')
    plt.axis([0, 200000, -0.4, 0.4])
    # plt.axis([88000, 94000, -0.4, 0.4])
    plt.tight_layout()
    plt.show() 

def compute_roc(y_true, y_pred, plot=False):
    """
    TODO
    :param y_true: ground truth
    :param y_pred: predictions
    :param plot:
    :return:
    """
    fpr, tpr, _ = roc_curve(y_true, y_pred)
    auc_score = auc(fpr, tpr)
    if plot:
        plt.figure(figsize=(7, 6))
        plt.plot(fpr, tpr, color='blue',
                 label='ROC (AUC = %0.4f)' % auc_score)
        plt.legend(loc='lower right')
        plt.title("ROC Curve")
        plt.xlabel("FPR")
        plt.ylabel("TPR")
        plt.show()

    return fpr, tpr, auc_score 

def visualize_2D_trip(self, trip):
        plt.figure(figsize=(30,30))
        rcParams.update({'font.size': 22})

        # Plot cities
        plt.scatter(trip[:,0], trip[:,1], s=200)

        # Plot tour
        tour=np.array(list(range(len(trip))) + [0])
        X = trip[tour, 0]
        Y = trip[tour, 1]
        plt.plot(X, Y,"--", markersize=100)

        # Annotate cities with order
        labels = range(len(trip))
        for i, (x, y) in zip(labels,(zip(X,Y))):
            plt.annotate(i,xy=(x, y))  

        plt.xlim(0,100)
        plt.ylim(0,100)
        plt.show()


    # Heatmap of permutations (x=cities; y=steps) 

def visualize_2D_trip(self,trip,tw_open,tw_close):
        plt.figure(figsize=(30,30))
        rcParams.update({'font.size': 22})
        # Plot cities
        colors = ['red'] # Depot is first city
        for i in range(len(tw_open)-1):
            colors.append('blue')
        plt.scatter(trip[:,0], trip[:,1], color=colors, s=200)
        # Plot tour
        tour=np.array(list(range(len(trip))) + [0])
        X = trip[tour, 0]
        Y = trip[tour, 1]
        plt.plot(X, Y,"--", markersize=100)
        # Annotate cities with TW
        tw_open = np.rint(tw_open)
        tw_close = np.rint(tw_close)
        time_window = np.concatenate((tw_open,tw_close),axis=1)
        for tw, (x, y) in zip(time_window,(zip(X,Y))):
            plt.annotate(tw,xy=(x, y))  
        plt.xlim(0,60)
        plt.ylim(0,60)
        plt.show()


    # Heatmap of permutations (x=cities; y=steps) 

def plot(PDF, figName, imgpath, show=False, save=True):
    # plot
    output = PDF.get_constraint_value()
    plt.plot(PDF.experimentalDistances,PDF.experimentalPDF, 'ro', label="experimental", markersize=7.5, markevery=1 )
    plt.plot(PDF.shellsCenter, output["pdf"], 'k', linewidth=3.0,  markevery=25, label="total" )

    styleIndex = 0
    for key in output:
        val = output[key]
        if key in ("pdf_total", "pdf"):
            continue
        elif "inter" in key:
            plt.plot(PDF.shellsCenter, val, STYLE[styleIndex], markevery=5, label=key.split('rdf_inter_')[1] )
            styleIndex+=1
    plt.legend(frameon=False, ncol=1)
    # set labels
    plt.title("$\\chi^{2}=%.6f$"%PDF.squaredDeviations, size=20)
    plt.xlabel("$r (\AA)$", size=20)
    plt.ylabel("$g(r)$", size=20)
    # show plot
    if save: plt.savefig(figName)
    if show: plt.show()
    plt.close() 

def show(mnist, targets, ret):
    target_ids = range(len(set(targets)))
    
    colors = ['r', 'g', 'b', 'c', 'm', 'y', 'k', 'violet', 'orange', 'purple']
    
    plt.figure(figsize=(12, 10))
    
    ax = plt.subplot(aspect='equal')
    for label in set(targets):
        idx = np.where(np.array(targets) == label)[0]
        plt.scatter(ret[idx, 0], ret[idx, 1], c=colors[label], label=label)
    
    for i in range(0, len(targets), 250):
        img = (mnist[i][0] * 0.3081 + 0.1307).numpy()[0]
        img = OffsetImage(img, cmap=plt.cm.gray_r, zoom=0.5) 
        ax.add_artist(AnnotationBbox(img, ret[i]))
    
    plt.legend()
    plt.show() 

def _capture2dImage(self, cameraId):
        # Capture Image in RGB

        # WARNING : The same Name could be used only six time.
        strName = "capture2DImage_{}".format(random.randint(1,10000000000))

        clientRGB = self.video_service.subscribeCamera(strName, cameraId, AL_kVGA, 11, 10)
        imageRGB = self.video_service.getImageRemote(clientRGB)

        imageWidth   = imageRGB[0]
        imageHeight  = imageRGB[1]
        array        = imageRGB[6]
        image_string = str(bytearray(array))

        # Create a PIL Image from our pixel array.
        im = Image.frombytes("RGB", (imageWidth, imageHeight), image_string)

        # Save the image.
        image_name_2d = "images/img2d-" + str(self.imageNo2d) + ".png"
        im.save(image_name_2d, "PNG") # Stored in images folder in the pwd, if not present then create one
        self.imageNo2d += 1
        im.show()

        return 

def _capture3dImage(self):
        # Depth Image in RGB

        # WARNING : The same Name could be used only six time.
        strName = "capture3dImage_{}".format(random.randint(1,10000000000))


        clientRGB = self.video_service.subscribeCamera(strName, AL_kDepthCamera, AL_kQVGA, 11, 10)
        imageRGB = self.video_service.getImageRemote(clientRGB)

        imageWidth  = imageRGB[0]
        imageHeight = imageRGB[1]
        array       = imageRGB[6]
        image_string = str(bytearray(array))

        # Create a PIL Image from our pixel array.
        im = Image.frombytes("RGB", (imageWidth, imageHeight), image_string)
        # Save the image.
        image_name_3d = "images/img3d-" + str(self.imageNo3d) + ".png"
        im.save(image_name_3d, "PNG") # Stored in images folder in the pwd, if not present then create one
        self.imageNo3d += 1
        im.show()

        return 

def plot_mul(Y_hat, Y, pred_len):
    """
    PLots the predicted data versus true data

    Input: Predicted data, True Data, Length of prediction
    Output: return plot

    Note: Run from timeSeriesPredict.py
    """
    fig = plt.figure(facecolor='white')
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
    ax.plot(Y, label='Y')
    # Print the predictions in its respective series-length
    for i, j in enumerate(Y_hat):
        shift = [None for p in range(i * pred_len)]
        plt.plot(shift + j, label='Y_hat')
        plt.legend()
    plt.show() 

def atest_plot_samples(self):
        dm = np.linspace(4., 19., 1001)
        samples = []

        for dm_k in dm:
            d = 10.**(dm_k/5.-2.)
            samples.append(self._interp_ebv(self._test_data[0], d))

        samples = np.array(samples).T
        # print samples

        import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
        fig = plt.figure()
        ax = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
        for s in samples:
            ax.plot(dm, s, lw=2., alpha=0.5)

        plt.show() 

def show_result_pyplot(model, img, result, score_thr=0.3, fig_size=(15, 10)):
    """Visualize the detection results on the image.

    Args:
        model (nn.Module): The loaded detector.
        img (str or np.ndarray): Image filename or loaded image.
        result (tuple[list] or list): The detection result, can be either
            (bbox, segm) or just bbox.
        score_thr (float): The threshold to visualize the bboxes and masks.
        fig_size (tuple): Figure size of the pyplot figure.
    """
    if hasattr(model, 'module'):
        model = model.module
    img = model.show_result(img, result, score_thr=score_thr, show=False)
    plt.figure(figsize=fig_size)
    plt.imshow(mmcv.bgr2rgb(img))
    plt.show() 

def compute_roc_rfeinman(probs_neg, probs_pos, plot=False):
    """
    TODO
    :param probs_neg:
    :param probs_pos:
    :param plot:
    :return:
    """
    probs = np.concatenate((probs_neg, probs_pos))
    labels = np.concatenate((np.zeros_like(probs_neg), np.ones_like(probs_pos)))
    fpr, tpr, _ = roc_curve(labels, probs)
    auc_score = auc(fpr, tpr)
    if plot:
        plt.figure(figsize=(7, 6))
        plt.plot(fpr, tpr, color='blue',
                 label='ROC (AUC = %0.4f)' % auc_score)
        plt.legend(loc='lower right')
        plt.title("ROC Curve")
        plt.xlabel("FPR")
        plt.ylabel("TPR")
        plt.show()

    return fpr, tpr, auc_score 

def generate_dataset(true_w, true_b):
    num_examples = 1000

    features = torch.tensor(np.random.normal(0, 1, (num_examples, num_inputs)), dtype=torch.float)
    # 真实 label
    labels = true_w[0] * features[:, 0] + true_w[1] * features[:, 1] + true_b
    # 添加噪声
    labels += torch.tensor(np.random.normal(0, 0.01, size=labels.size()), dtype=torch.float)
    # 展示下分布
    plt.scatter(features[:, 1].numpy(), labels.numpy(), 1)
    plt.show()
    
    return features, labels


# batch 读取数据集 

def run_eval(sess, test_X, test_y):
    ds = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((test_X, test_y))
    ds = ds.batch(1)
    X, y = ds.make_one_shot_iterator().get_next()

    with tf.variable_scope("model", reuse=True):
        prediction, _, _ = lstm_model(X, [0.0], False)
        predictions = []
        labels = []
        for i in range(TESTING_EXAMPLES):
            p, l = sess.run([prediction, y])
            predictions.append(p)
            labels.append(l)

    predictions = np.array(predictions).squeeze()
    labels = np.array(labels).squeeze()
    rmse = np.sqrt(((predictions-labels) ** 2).mean(axis=0))
    print("Mean Square Error is: %f" % rmse)

    plt.figure()
    plt.plot(predictions, label='predictions')
    plt.plot(labels, label='real_sin')
    plt.legend()
    plt.show() 

def show(image):
    """
    Render a given numpy.uint8 2D array of pixel data.
    """
    plt.imshow(image, cmap='gray')
    plt.show() 

def visualize_sampling(self, permutations):
        max_length = len(permutations[0])
        grid = np.zeros([max_length,max_length]) # initialize heatmap grid to 0

        transposed_permutations = np.transpose(permutations)
        for t, cities_t in enumerate(transposed_permutations): # step t, cities chosen at step t
            city_indices, counts = np.unique(cities_t,return_counts=True,axis=0)
            for u,v in zip(city_indices, counts):
                grid[t][u]+=v # update grid with counts from the batch of permutations

        # plot heatmap
        fig = plt.figure()
        rcParams.update({'font.size': 22})
        ax = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
        ax.set_aspect('equal')
        plt.imshow(grid, interpolation='nearest', cmap='gray')
        plt.colorbar()
        plt.title('Sampled permutations')
        plt.ylabel('Time t')
        plt.xlabel('City i')
        plt.show() 

def plot_bidimensional(model, test, recon_error, layer, title):
    bidimensional_data = model.deepfeatures(test, layer).cbind(recon_error).as_data_frame()

    cmap = cm.get_cmap('Spectral')

    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    bidimensional_data.plot(kind='scatter',
                            x='DF.L{}.C1'.format(layer + 1),
                            y='DF.L{}.C2'.format(layer + 1),
                            s=500,
                            c='Reconstruction.MSE',
                            title=title,
                            ax=ax,
                            colormap=cmap)
    layer_column = 'DF.L{}.C'.format(layer + 1)
    columns = [layer_column + '1', layer_column + '2']
    for k, v in bidimensional_data[columns].iterrows():
        ax.annotate(k, v, size=20, verticalalignment='bottom', horizontalalignment='left')
    fig.canvas.draw()
    plt.show() 

def visualize_anomaly(y_true, reconstruction_error, threshold):
    error_df = pd.DataFrame({'reconstruction_error': reconstruction_error,
                             'true_class': y_true})
    print(error_df.describe())

    groups = error_df.groupby('true_class')
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()

    for name, group in groups:
        ax.plot(group.index, group.reconstruction_error, marker='o', ms=3.5, linestyle='',
                label="Fraud" if name == 1 else "Normal")

    ax.hlines(threshold, ax.get_xlim()[0], ax.get_xlim()[1], colors="r", zorder=100, label='Threshold')
    ax.legend()
    plt.title("Reconstruction error for different classes")
    plt.ylabel("Reconstruction error")
    plt.xlabel("Data point index")
    plt.show() 

def draw_graph(graph, title, hierarchy=False, root=None):
    """
    Drawing networkx graphs.
    graph is the graph to draw.
    hierarchy is whether we should draw it as a tree.
    """
    # pos = None
    plt.title(title)
    # if hierarchy:
    #     pos = hierarchy_pos(graph, root)
    # out for now:
    # nx.draw(graph, pos=pos, with_labels=True)
    plt.show() 

def show(self):
        """
        Display the plot.
        """
        if not self.headless:
            plt.show()
        else:
            file = io.BytesIO()
            plt.savefig(file, format="png")
            return file 

def update_plot(self, i):
        """
        This is our animation function.
        For line graphs, redraw the whole thing.
        """
        plt.clf()
        (data_points, varieties) = self.data_func()
        self.draw_graph(data_points, varieties)
        self.show() 

def show(self):
        """
        Display the plot.
        """
        if not self.headless:
            plt.show()
        else:
            file = io.BytesIO()
            plt.savefig(file, format="png")
            return file 

def draw_graph(graph, title, hierarchy=False, root=None):
    """
    Drawing networkx graphs.
    graph is the graph to draw.
    hierarchy is whether we should draw it as a tree.
    """
    pos = None
    plt.title(title)
    if hierarchy:
        pos = hierarchy_pos(graph, root)
    nx.draw(graph, pos=pos, with_labels=True)
    plt.show() 

def update_plot(self, i):
        """
        This is our animation function.
        For line graphs, redraw the whole thing.
        """
        plt.clf()
        (data_points, varieties) = self.data_func()
        self.draw_graph(data_points, varieties)
        self.show() 

def __init__(self, title, varieties, width, height,
                 anim=True, data_func=None, is_headless=False, legend_pos=4):
        """
        Setup a scatter plot.
        varieties contains the different types of
        entities to show in the plot, which
        will get assigned different colors
        """
        global anim_func

        self.scats = None
        self.anim = anim
        self.data_func = data_func
        self.s = ceil(4096 / width)
        self.headless = is_headless

        fig, ax = plt.subplots()
        ax.set_xlim(0, width)
        ax.set_ylim(0, height)
        self.create_scats(varieties)
        ax.legend(loc = legend_pos)
        ax.set_title(title)
        plt.grid(True)

        if anim and not self.headless:
            anim_func = animation.FuncAnimation(fig,
                                    self.update_plot,
                                    frames=1000,
                                    interval=500,
                                    blit=False) 

def show(self):
        """
        Display the plot.
        """
        if not self.headless:
            plt.show()
        else:
            file = io.BytesIO()
            plt.savefig(file, format="png")
            return file 

def plot_learning(self):
        """
        Plot the fitness through iterations.
        """
        plt.plot([i for i in range(len(self.fitness_list))], self.fitness_list)
        plt.ylabel("Fitness")
        plt.xlabel("Iteration")
        plt.show() 

def __call__(self, args, env):

        import numpy as np
        import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
        from sklearn.metrics import average_precision_score
        from sklearn.metrics import precision_recall_curve
        from vergeml.plots import load_labels, load_predictions

        try:
            labels = load_labels(env)
        except FileNotFoundError:
            raise VergeMLError("Can't plot PR curve - not supported by model.")

        nclasses = len(labels)
        if args['class'] not in labels:
            raise VergeMLError("Unknown class: " + args['class'])

        try:
            y_test, y_score = load_predictions(env, nclasses)
        except FileNotFoundError:
            raise VergeMLError("Can't plot PR curve - not supported by model.")

        # From:
        # https://scikit-learn.org/stable/auto_examples/model_selection/plot_precision_recall.html#sphx-glr-auto-examples-model-selection-plot-precision-recall-py

        ix = labels.index(args['class'])
        y_test = y_test[:,ix].astype(np.int)
        y_score = y_score[:,ix]

        precision, recall, _ = precision_recall_curve(y_test, y_score)
        average_precision = average_precision_score(y_test, y_score)

        plt.step(recall, precision, color='b', alpha=0.2, where='post')
        plt.fill_between(recall, precision, alpha=0.2, color='b', step='post')

        plt.xlabel('Recall ({})'.format(args['class']))
        plt.ylabel('Precision ({})'.format(args['class']))
        plt.ylim([0.0, 1.05])
        plt.xlim([0.0, 1.0])
        plt.title('Precision-Recall curve for @{0}: AP={1:0.2f}'.format(args['@AI'], average_precision))
        plt.show() 

def run(self):
        self._printLogs("Waiting for the robot to be in wake up position", "OKBLUE")

        self.motion_service.wakeUp()
        self.posture_service.goToPosture("StandInit", 0.1)

        self.create_callbacks()
        # self.startDLServer()
        self._addTopic()

        # graphplots
        self._initialisePlot()
        ani = animation.FuncAnimation(self.fig, self._animate, blit=False, interval=500 ,repeat=False)


        # loop on, wait for events until manual interruption
        try:
            # while True:
            #     time.sleep(1)
            # starting graph plot
            plt.show() # blocking call hence no need for while(True)

        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            self._printLogs("Interrupted by user, shutting down", "FAIL")
            self._cleanUp()

            self._printLogs("Waiting for the robot to be in rest position", "FAIL")
            # self.motion_service.rest()
            sys.exit(0)

        return 

def generate_histogram(img):
	hist,bins = np.histogram(img.flatten(),256,[0,256])
	
	#cumulative distribution function calculation
	cdf = hist.cumsum()
	
	plt.plot(cdf_normalized, color = 'b')
	plt.hist(img.flatten(),256,[0,256], color = 'r')
	plt.xlim([0,256])
	plt.legend(('cdf','histogram'), loc = 'upper left')
	plt.show()
	
	return hist