Python os.curdir() Examples

def setcopyright():
    """Set 'copyright' and 'credits' in __builtin__"""
    __builtin__.copyright = _Printer("copyright", sys.copyright)
    if sys.platform[:4] == 'java':
        __builtin__.credits = _Printer(
            "credits",
            "Jython is maintained by the Jython developers (www.jython.org).")
    else:
        __builtin__.credits = _Printer("credits", """\
    Thanks to CWI, CNRI, BeOpen.com, Zope Corporation and a cast of thousands
    for supporting Python development.  See www.python.org for more information.""")
    here = os.path.dirname(os.__file__)
    __builtin__.license = _Printer(
        "license", "See http://www.python.org/psf/license/",
        ["LICENSE.txt", "LICENSE"],
        [os.path.join(here, os.pardir), here, os.curdir]) 

def show(total, d, prefix):
    if not d: return
    list = []
    sum = 0
    for key in d.keys():
        tsub, dsub = d[key]
        list.append((tsub, key))
        if tsub is not None: sum = sum + tsub
##  if sum < total:
##      list.append((total - sum, os.curdir))
    list.sort()
    list.reverse()
    width = len(repr(list[0][0]))
    for tsub, key in list:
        if tsub is None:
            psub = prefix
        else:
            print prefix + repr(tsub).rjust(width) + ' ' + key
            psub = prefix + ' '*(width-1) + '|' + ' '*(len(key)+1)
        if d.has_key(key):
            show(tsub, d[key][1], psub) 

def translate_path(self, path):
        """Translate a /-separated PATH to the local filename syntax.

        Components that mean special things to the local file system
        (e.g. drive or directory names) are ignored.  (XXX They should
        probably be diagnosed.)

        """
        # abandon query parameters
        path = path.split('?',1)[0]
        path = path.split('#',1)[0]
        # Don't forget explicit trailing slash when normalizing. Issue17324
        trailing_slash = path.rstrip().endswith('/')
        path = posixpath.normpath(urllib.unquote(path))
        words = path.split('/')
        words = filter(None, words)
        path = os.getcwd()
        for word in words:
            drive, word = os.path.splitdrive(word)
            head, word = os.path.split(word)
            if word in (os.curdir, os.pardir): continue
            path = os.path.join(path, word)
        if trailing_slash:
            path += '/'
        return path 

def makedirs(name, mode=0777):
    """makedirs(path [, mode=0777])

    Super-mkdir; create a leaf directory and all intermediate ones.
    Works like mkdir, except that any intermediate path segment (not
    just the rightmost) will be created if it does not exist.  This is
    recursive.

    """
    head, tail = path.split(name)
    if not tail:
        head, tail = path.split(head)
    if head and tail and not path.exists(head):
        try:
            makedirs(head, mode)
        except OSError, e:
            # be happy if someone already created the path
            if e.errno != errno.EEXIST:
                raise
        if tail == curdir:           # xxx/newdir/. exists if xxx/newdir exists
            return 

def copy_extensions_to_source(self):
        build_py = self.get_finalized_command('build_py')
        for ext in self.extensions:
            fullname = self.get_ext_fullname(ext.name)
            filename = self.get_ext_filename(fullname)
            modpath = fullname.split('.')
            package = '.'.join(modpath[:-1])
            package_dir = build_py.get_package_dir(package)
            dest_filename = os.path.join(package_dir,os.path.basename(filename))
            src_filename = os.path.join(self.build_lib,filename)

            # Always copy, even if source is older than destination, to ensure
            # that the right extensions for the current Python/platform are
            # used.
            copy_file(
                src_filename, dest_filename, verbose=self.verbose,
                dry_run=self.dry_run
            )
            if ext._needs_stub:
                self.write_stub(package_dir or os.curdir, ext, True) 

def finalize_options(self):
        _build_ext.finalize_options(self)
        self.extensions = self.extensions or []
        self.check_extensions_list(self.extensions)
        self.shlibs = [ext for ext in self.extensions
                        if isinstance(ext,Library)]
        if self.shlibs:
            self.setup_shlib_compiler()
        for ext in self.extensions:
            ext._full_name = self.get_ext_fullname(ext.name)
        for ext in self.extensions:
            fullname = ext._full_name
            self.ext_map[fullname] = ext
            ltd = ext._links_to_dynamic = \
                self.shlibs and self.links_to_dynamic(ext) or False
            ext._needs_stub = ltd and use_stubs and not isinstance(ext,Library)
            filename = ext._file_name = self.get_ext_filename(fullname)
            libdir = os.path.dirname(os.path.join(self.build_lib,filename))
            if ltd and libdir not in ext.library_dirs:
                ext.library_dirs.append(libdir)
            if ltd and use_stubs and os.curdir not in ext.runtime_library_dirs:
                ext.runtime_library_dirs.append(os.curdir) 

def compile_path(skip_curdir=1, maxlevels=0, force=0, quiet=0):
    """Byte-compile all module on sys.path.

    Arguments (all optional):

    skip_curdir: if true, skip current directory (default true)
    maxlevels:   max recursion level (default 0)
    force: as for compile_dir() (default 0)
    quiet: as for compile_dir() (default 0)
    """
    success = 1
    for dir in sys.path:
        if (not dir or dir == os.curdir) and skip_curdir:
            print 'Skipping current directory'
        else:
            success = success and compile_dir(dir, maxlevels, None,
                                              force, quiet=quiet)
    return success 

def go(self, dir_or_file=os.curdir, pattern="*", default="", key=None):
        if key and key in dialogstates:
            self.directory, pattern = dialogstates[key]
        else:
            dir_or_file = os.path.expanduser(dir_or_file)
            if os.path.isdir(dir_or_file):
                self.directory = dir_or_file
            else:
                self.directory, default = os.path.split(dir_or_file)
        self.set_filter(self.directory, pattern)
        self.set_selection(default)
        self.filter_command()
        self.selection.focus_set()
        self.top.wait_visibility() # window needs to be visible for the grab
        self.top.grab_set()
        self.how = None
        self.master.mainloop()          # Exited by self.quit(how)
        if key:
            directory, pattern = self.get_filter()
            if self.how:
                directory = os.path.dirname(self.how)
            dialogstates[key] = directory, pattern
        self.top.destroy()
        return self.how 

def test_execute_bit_not_copied(self):
        # Issue 6070: under posix .pyc files got their execute bit set if
        # the .py file had the execute bit set, but they aren't executable.
        oldmask = os.umask(022)
        sys.path.insert(0, os.curdir)
        try:
            fname = TESTFN + os.extsep + "py"
            f = open(fname, 'w').close()
            os.chmod(fname, (stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IRGRP | stat.S_IROTH |
                             stat.S_IXUSR | stat.S_IXGRP | stat.S_IXOTH))
            __import__(TESTFN)
            fn = fname + 'c'
            if not os.path.exists(fn):
                fn = fname + 'o'
                if not os.path.exists(fn):
                    self.fail("__import__ did not result in creation of "
                              "either a .pyc or .pyo file")
            s = os.stat(fn)
            self.assertEqual(stat.S_IMODE(s.st_mode),
                             stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IRGRP | stat.S_IROTH)
        finally:
            os.umask(oldmask)
            remove_files(TESTFN)
            unload(TESTFN)
            del sys.path[0] 

def test_failing_import_sticks(self):
        source = TESTFN + os.extsep + "py"
        with open(source, "w") as f:
            print >> f, "a = 1 // 0"

        # New in 2.4, we shouldn't be able to import that no matter how often
        # we try.
        sys.path.insert(0, os.curdir)
        try:
            for i in [1, 2, 3]:
                self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError, __import__, TESTFN)
                self.assertNotIn(TESTFN, sys.modules,
                                 "damaged module in sys.modules on %i try" % i)
        finally:
            del sys.path[0]
            remove_files(TESTFN) 

def test_timestamp_overflow(self):
        # A modification timestamp larger than 2**32 should not be a problem
        # when importing a module (issue #11235).
        sys.path.insert(0, os.curdir)
        try:
            source = TESTFN + ".py"
            compiled = source + ('c' if __debug__ else 'o')
            with open(source, 'w') as f:
                pass
            try:
                os.utime(source, (2 ** 33 - 5, 2 ** 33 - 5))
            except OverflowError:
                self.skipTest("cannot set modification time to large integer")
            except OSError as e:
                if e.errno != getattr(errno, 'EOVERFLOW', None):
                    raise
                self.skipTest("cannot set modification time to large integer ({})".format(e))
            __import__(TESTFN)
            # The pyc file was created.
            os.stat(compiled)
        finally:
            del sys.path[0]
            remove_files(TESTFN) 

def test_cache(self):
        self.localedir = os.curdir
        self.mofile = MOFILE

        self.assertEqual(len(gettext._translations), 0)

        t = gettext.translation('gettext', self.localedir)

        self.assertEqual(len(gettext._translations), 1)

        t = gettext.translation('gettext', self.localedir,
                                class_=DummyGNUTranslations)

        self.assertEqual(len(gettext._translations), 2)
        self.assertEqual(t.__class__, DummyGNUTranslations)

        # Calling it again doesn't add to the cache

        t = gettext.translation('gettext', self.localedir,
                                class_=DummyGNUTranslations)

        self.assertEqual(len(gettext._translations), 2)
        self.assertEqual(t.__class__, DummyGNUTranslations) 

def test_glob_literal(self):
        eq = self.assertSequencesEqual_noorder
        eq(self.glob('a'), [self.norm('a')])
        eq(self.glob('a', 'D'), [self.norm('a', 'D')])
        eq(self.glob('aab'), [self.norm('aab')])
        eq(self.glob('zymurgy'), [])

        res = glob.glob('*')
        self.assertEqual({type(r) for r in res}, {str})
        res = glob.glob(os.path.join(os.curdir, '*'))
        self.assertEqual({type(r) for r in res}, {str})

        # test return types are unicode, but only if os.listdir
        # returns unicode filenames
        tmp = os.listdir(fsdecode(os.curdir))
        if {type(x) for x in tmp} == {unicode}:
            res = glob.glob(u'*')
            self.assertEqual({type(r) for r in res}, {unicode})
            res = glob.glob(os.path.join(fsdecode(os.curdir), u'*'))
            self.assertEqual({type(r) for r in res}, {unicode}) 

def GetSubList(self):
        try:
            names = os.listdir(self.dir or os.curdir)
        except os.error:
            return []
        packages = []
        for name in names:
            file = os.path.join(self.dir, name)
            if self.ispackagedir(file):
                nn = os.path.normcase(name)
                packages.append((nn, name, file))
        packages.sort()
        sublist = []
        for nn, name, file in packages:
            item = DirBrowserTreeItem(file, self.packages + [name])
            sublist.append(item)
        for nn, name in self.listmodules(names):
            item = ModuleBrowserTreeItem(os.path.join(self.dir, name))
            sublist.append(item)
        return sublist 

def findfiles(self, dir, base, rec):
        try:
            names = os.listdir(dir or os.curdir)
        except os.error as msg:
            print(msg)
            return []
        list = []
        subdirs = []
        for name in names:
            fn = os.path.join(dir, name)
            if os.path.isdir(fn):
                subdirs.append(fn)
            else:
                if fnmatch.fnmatch(name, base):
                    list.append(fn)
        if rec:
            for subdir in subdirs:
                list.extend(self.findfiles(subdir, base, rec))
        return list 

def maybe_relative_path(path):
    if not os.path.isabs(path):
        return path      # already relative
    dir = path
    names = []
    while True:
        prevdir = dir
        dir, name = os.path.split(prevdir)
        if dir == prevdir or not dir:
            return path     # failed to make it relative
        names.append(name)
        try:
            if samefile(dir, os.curdir):
                names.reverse()
                return os.path.join(*names)
        except OSError:
            pass

# ____________________________________________________________ 

def convert_path(pathname):
    """Return 'pathname' as a name that will work on the native filesystem.

    The path is split on '/' and put back together again using the current
    directory separator.  Needed because filenames in the setup script are
    always supplied in Unix style, and have to be converted to the local
    convention before we can actually use them in the filesystem.  Raises
    ValueError on non-Unix-ish systems if 'pathname' either starts or
    ends with a slash.
    """
    if os.sep == '/':
        return pathname
    if not pathname:
        return pathname
    if pathname[0] == '/':
        raise ValueError("path '%s' cannot be absolute" % pathname)
    if pathname[-1] == '/':
        raise ValueError("path '%s' cannot end with '/'" % pathname)

    paths = pathname.split('/')
    while os.curdir in paths:
        paths.remove(os.curdir)
    if not paths:
        return os.curdir
    return os.path.join(*paths) 

def find_files(pattern, path=os.curdir, ignore_dirs=None, sort_key=None):
    """Recursively find all files matching supplied filename pattern in the specified path.

    - pattern: filename matching shell pattern as in 'ls' command, eg. '\*.txt'
    - path: a pathname, can be relative or absolute pathname.
    - ignore_dirs: a list of name of dirs under the specified path, to be skipped.
    """
    if ignore_dirs is None:
        ignore_dirs = []
    filenames = []
    for pathname, subdirs, files in os.walk(os.path.abspath(path)):
        # change the mutable subdirs, so os.walk won't walk in the ignored dir.
        for x in ignore_dirs:
            if x in subdirs:
                subdirs.remove(x)
        subdirs.sort()
        filenames += sorted([os.path.join(pathname, filename)
                             for filename in fnmatch.filter(files, pattern)],
                            key=sort_key)
    return filenames 

def find_dirs(pattern, path=os.curdir, ignore_dirs=None, sort_key=None):
    """Recursively find all sub directories matching supplied filename pattern in the specified path.

    - pattern: directory name matching shell pattern as in 'ls' command
    - path: a pathname, can be relative or absolute pathname.
    - ignore_dirs: a list of name of dirs under the specified path, to be skipped.
    """
    if ignore_dirs is None:
        ignore_dirs = []
    dir_names = []
    for pathname, subdirs, files in os.walk(os.path.abspath(path)):
        # change the mutable subdirs, so os.walk won't walk in the ignored dir.
        for x in ignore_dirs:
            if x in subdirs:
                subdirs.remove(x)
        dir_names += sorted([os.path.join(pathname, filename)
                             for filename in fnmatch.filter(subdirs, pattern)],
                            key=sort_key)
    return dir_names 

def find_files(pattern, path=os.curdir, ignore_dirs=None, sort_key=None):
    """Recursively find all files matching supplied filename pattern in the specified path.

    - pattern: filename matching shell pattern as in 'ls' command, eg. '\*.txt'
    - path: a pathname, can be relative or absolute pathname.
    - ignore_dirs: a list of name of dirs under the specified path, to be skipped.
    """
    if ignore_dirs is None:
        ignore_dirs = []
    filenames = []
    for pathname, subdirs, files in os.walk(os.path.abspath(path)):
        # change the mutable subdirs, so os.walk won't walk in the ignored dir.
        for x in ignore_dirs:
            if x in subdirs:
                subdirs.remove(x)
        subdirs.sort()
        filenames += sorted([os.path.join(pathname, filename)
                             for filename in fnmatch.filter(files, pattern)],
                            key=sort_key)
    return filenames 

def find_dirs(pattern, path=os.curdir, ignore_dirs=None, sort_key=None):
    """Recursively find all sub directories matching supplied filename pattern in the specified path.

    - pattern: directory name matching shell pattern as in 'ls' command
    - path: a pathname, can be relative or absolute pathname.
    - ignore_dirs: a list of name of dirs under the specified path, to be skipped.
    """
    if ignore_dirs is None:
        ignore_dirs = []
    dir_names = []
    for pathname, subdirs, files in os.walk(os.path.abspath(path)):
        # change the mutable subdirs, so os.walk won't walk in the ignored dir.
        for x in ignore_dirs:
            if x in subdirs:
                subdirs.remove(x)
        dir_names += sorted([os.path.join(pathname, filename)
                             for filename in fnmatch.filter(subdirs, pattern)],
                            key=sort_key)
    return dir_names 

def makedirs(name, mode=0777):
    """makedirs(path [, mode=0777])

    Super-mkdir; create a leaf directory and all intermediate ones.
    Works like mkdir, except that any intermediate path segment (not
    just the rightmost) will be created if it does not exist.  This is
    recursive.

    """
    head, tail = path.split(name)
    if not tail:
        head, tail = path.split(head)
    if head and tail and not path.exists(head):
        try:
            makedirs(head, mode)
        except OSError, e:
            # be happy if someone already created the path
            if e.errno != errno.EEXIST:
                raise
        if tail == curdir:           # xxx/newdir/. exists if xxx/newdir exists
            return 

def convert_path(pathname):
    """Return 'pathname' as a name that will work on the native filesystem.

    The path is split on '/' and put back together again using the current
    directory separator.  Needed because filenames in the setup script are
    always supplied in Unix style, and have to be converted to the local
    convention before we can actually use them in the filesystem.  Raises
    ValueError on non-Unix-ish systems if 'pathname' either starts or
    ends with a slash.
    """
    if os.sep == '/':
        return pathname
    if not pathname:
        return pathname
    if pathname[0] == '/':
        raise ValueError("path '%s' cannot be absolute" % pathname)
    if pathname[-1] == '/':
        raise ValueError("path '%s' cannot end with '/'" % pathname)

    paths = pathname.split('/')
    while os.curdir in paths:
        paths.remove(os.curdir)
    if not paths:
        return os.curdir
    return os.path.join(*paths) 

def canonical_filename(self, filename):
        """Return a canonical filename for `filename`.

        An absolute path with no redundant components and normalized case.

        """
        if filename not in self.canonical_filename_cache:
            if not os.path.isabs(filename):
                for path in [os.curdir] + sys.path:
                    if path is None:
                        continue
                    f = os.path.join(path, filename)
                    if os.path.exists(f):
                        filename = f
                        break
            cf = abs_file(filename)
            self.canonical_filename_cache[filename] = cf
        return self.canonical_filename_cache[filename] 

def setcopyright():
    """Set 'copyright' and 'credits' in __builtin__"""
    builtins.copyright = _Printer("copyright", sys.copyright)
    if _is_jython:
        builtins.credits = _Printer(
            "credits",
            "Jython is maintained by the Jython developers (www.jython.org).")
    elif _is_pypy:
        builtins.credits = _Printer(
            "credits",
            "PyPy is maintained by the PyPy developers: http://pypy.org/")
    else:
        builtins.credits = _Printer("credits", """\
    Thanks to CWI, CNRI, BeOpen.com, Zope Corporation and a cast of thousands
    for supporting Python development.  See www.python.org for more information.""")
    here = os.path.dirname(os.__file__)
    builtins.license = _Printer(
        "license", "See http://www.python.org/%.3s/license.html" % sys.version,
        ["LICENSE.txt", "LICENSE"],
        [os.path.join(here, os.pardir), here, os.curdir]) 

def _candidate_tempdir_list():
    """Generate a list of candidate temporary directories which
    _get_default_tempdir will try."""

    dirlist = []

    # First, try the environment.
    for envname in 'TMPDIR', 'TEMP', 'TMP':
        dirname = _os.getenv(envname)
        if dirname: dirlist.append(dirname)

    # Failing that, try OS-specific locations.
    if _os.name == 'nt':
        dirlist.extend([ r'c:\temp', r'c:\tmp', r'\temp', r'\tmp' ])
    else:
        dirlist.extend([ '/tmp', '/var/tmp', '/usr/tmp' ])

    # As a last resort, the current directory.
    try:
        dirlist.append(_os.getcwd())
    except (AttributeError, OSError):
        dirlist.append(_os.curdir)

    return dirlist 

def main():
    args = sys.argv[1:]
    if not args:
        args = [os.curdir]
    s = Stats()
    s.statargs(args)
    s.report() 

def mkrealdir(name):
    st = os.stat(name) # Get the mode
    mode = S_IMODE(st[ST_MODE])
    linkto = os.readlink(name)
    files = os.listdir(name)
    os.unlink(name)
    os.mkdir(name, mode)
    os.chmod(name, mode)
    linkto = join(os.pardir, linkto)
    #
    for filename in files:
        if filename not in (os.curdir, os.pardir):
            os.symlink(join(linkto, filename), join(name, filename)) 

def lll(dirname):
    for name in os.listdir(dirname):
        if name not in (os.curdir, os.pardir):
            full = os.path.join(dirname, name)
            if os.path.islink(full):
                print name, '->', os.readlink(full) 

def main():
    args = sys.argv[1:]
    if not args: args = [os.curdir]
    first = 1
    for arg in args:
        if len(args) > 1:
            if not first: print
            first = 0
            print arg + ':'
    lll(arg) 

def _get_default_tempdir():
    """Calculate the default directory to use for temporary files.
    This routine should be called exactly once.

    We determine whether or not a candidate temp dir is usable by
    trying to create and write to a file in that directory.  If this
    is successful, the test file is deleted.  To prevent denial of
    service, the name of the test file must be randomized."""

    namer = _RandomNameSequence()
    dirlist = _candidate_tempdir_list()
    flags = _text_openflags

    for dir in dirlist:
        if dir != _os.curdir:
            dir = _os.path.normcase(_os.path.abspath(dir))
        # Try only a few names per directory.
        for seq in xrange(100):
            name = namer.next()
            filename = _os.path.join(dir, name)
            try:
                fd = _os.open(filename, flags, 0o600)
                try:
                    try:
                        with _io.open(fd, 'wb', closefd=False) as fp:
                            fp.write(b'blat')
                    finally:
                        _os.close(fd)
                finally:
                    _os.unlink(filename)
                return dir
            except (OSError, IOError) as e:
                if e.args[0] != _errno.EEXIST:
                    break # no point trying more names in this directory
                pass
    raise IOError, (_errno.ENOENT,
                    ("No usable temporary directory found in %s" % dirlist)) 

def __init__(self, a, b, ignore=None, hide=None): # Initialize
        self.left = a
        self.right = b
        if hide is None:
            self.hide = [os.curdir, os.pardir] # Names never to be shown
        else:
            self.hide = hide
        if ignore is None:
            self.ignore = ['RCS', 'CVS', 'tags'] # Names ignored in comparison
        else:
            self.ignore = ignore 

def convert_path (pathname):
    """Return 'pathname' as a name that will work on the native filesystem,
    i.e. split it on '/' and put it back together again using the current
    directory separator.  Needed because filenames in the setup script are
    always supplied in Unix style, and have to be converted to the local
    convention before we can actually use them in the filesystem.  Raises
    ValueError on non-Unix-ish systems if 'pathname' either starts or
    ends with a slash.
    """
    if os.sep == '/':
        return pathname
    if not pathname:
        return pathname
    if pathname[0] == '/':
        raise ValueError, "path '%s' cannot be absolute" % pathname
    if pathname[-1] == '/':
        raise ValueError, "path '%s' cannot end with '/'" % pathname

    paths = string.split(pathname, '/')
    while '.' in paths:
        paths.remove('.')
    if not paths:
        return os.curdir
    return os.path.join(*paths)

# convert_path () 

def findall(self, dir=os.curdir):
        self.allfiles = findall(dir) 

def findall(dir = os.curdir):
    """Find all files under 'dir' and return the list of full filenames
    (relative to 'dir').
    """
    from stat import ST_MODE, S_ISREG, S_ISDIR, S_ISLNK

    list = []
    stack = [dir]
    pop = stack.pop
    push = stack.append

    while stack:
        dir = pop()
        names = os.listdir(dir)

        for name in names:
            if dir != os.curdir:        # avoid the dreaded "./" syndrome
                fullname = os.path.join(dir, name)
            else:
                fullname = name

            # Avoid excess stat calls -- just one will do, thank you!
            stat = os.stat(fullname)
            mode = stat[ST_MODE]
            if S_ISREG(mode):
                list.append(fullname)
            elif S_ISDIR(mode) and not S_ISLNK(mode):
                push(fullname)

    return list 

def compile_dir(dir, maxlevels=10, ddir=None,
                force=0, rx=None, quiet=0):
    """Byte-compile all modules in the given directory tree.

    Arguments (only dir is required):

    dir:       the directory to byte-compile
    maxlevels: maximum recursion level (default 10)
    ddir:      the directory that will be prepended to the path to the
               file as it is compiled into each byte-code file.
    force:     if 1, force compilation, even if timestamps are up-to-date
    quiet:     if 1, be quiet during compilation
    """
    if not quiet:
        print 'Listing', dir, '...'
    try:
        names = os.listdir(dir)
    except os.error:
        print "Can't list", dir
        names = []
    names.sort()
    success = 1
    for name in names:
        fullname = os.path.join(dir, name)
        if ddir is not None:
            dfile = os.path.join(ddir, name)
        else:
            dfile = None
        if not os.path.isdir(fullname):
            if not compile_file(fullname, ddir, force, rx, quiet):
                success = 0
        elif maxlevels > 0 and \
             name != os.curdir and name != os.pardir and \
             os.path.isdir(fullname) and \
             not os.path.islink(fullname):
            if not compile_dir(fullname, maxlevels - 1, dfile, force, rx,
                               quiet):
                success = 0
    return success 

def filter_command(self, event=None):
        dir, pat = self.get_filter()
        try:
            names = os.listdir(dir)
        except os.error:
            self.master.bell()
            return
        self.directory = dir
        self.set_filter(dir, pat)
        names.sort()
        subdirs = [os.pardir]
        matchingfiles = []
        for name in names:
            fullname = os.path.join(dir, name)
            if os.path.isdir(fullname):
                subdirs.append(name)
            elif fnmatch.fnmatch(name, pat):
                matchingfiles.append(name)
        self.dirs.delete(0, END)
        for name in subdirs:
            self.dirs.insert(END, name)
        self.files.delete(0, END)
        for name in matchingfiles:
            self.files.insert(END, name)
        head, tail = os.path.split(self.get_selection())
        if tail == os.curdir: tail = ''
        self.set_selection(tail) 

def set_filter(self, dir, pat):
        if not os.path.isabs(dir):
            try:
                pwd = os.getcwd()
            except os.error:
                pwd = None
            if pwd:
                dir = os.path.join(pwd, dir)
                dir = os.path.normpath(dir)
        self.filter.delete(0, END)
        self.filter.insert(END, os.path.join(dir or os.curdir, pat or "*")) 

def iglob(pathname):
    """Return an iterator which yields the paths matching a pathname pattern.

    The pattern may contain simple shell-style wildcards a la
    fnmatch. However, unlike fnmatch, filenames starting with a
    dot are special cases that are not matched by '*' and '?'
    patterns.

    """
    dirname, basename = os.path.split(pathname)
    if not has_magic(pathname):
        if basename:
            if os.path.lexists(pathname):
                yield pathname
        else:
            # Patterns ending with a slash should match only directories
            if os.path.isdir(dirname):
                yield pathname
        return
    if not dirname:
        for name in glob1(os.curdir, basename):
            yield name
        return
    # `os.path.split()` returns the argument itself as a dirname if it is a
    # drive or UNC path.  Prevent an infinite recursion if a drive or UNC path
    # contains magic characters (i.e. r'\\?\C:').
    if dirname != pathname and has_magic(dirname):
        dirs = iglob(dirname)
    else:
        dirs = [dirname]
    if has_magic(basename):
        glob_in_dir = glob1
    else:
        glob_in_dir = glob0
    for dirname in dirs:
        for name in glob_in_dir(dirname, basename):
            yield os.path.join(dirname, name)

# These 2 helper functions non-recursively glob inside a literal directory.
# They return a list of basenames. `glob1` accepts a pattern while `glob0`
# takes a literal basename (so it only has to check for its existence). 

def glob1(dirname, pattern):
    if not dirname:
        dirname = os.curdir
    if isinstance(pattern, _unicode) and not isinstance(dirname, unicode):
        dirname = unicode(dirname, sys.getfilesystemencoding() or
                                   sys.getdefaultencoding())
    try:
        names = os.listdir(dirname)
    except os.error:
        return []
    if pattern[0] != '.':
        names = filter(lambda x: x[0] != '.', names)
    return fnmatch.filter(names, pattern) 

def _module_relative_path(module, path):
    if not inspect.ismodule(module):
        raise TypeError, 'Expected a module: %r' % module
    if path.startswith('/'):
        raise ValueError, 'Module-relative files may not have absolute paths'

    # Find the base directory for the path.
    if hasattr(module, '__file__'):
        # A normal module/package
        basedir = os.path.split(module.__file__)[0]
    elif module.__name__ == '__main__':
        # An interactive session.
        if len(sys.argv)>0 and sys.argv[0] != '':
            basedir = os.path.split(sys.argv[0])[0]
        else:
            basedir = os.curdir
    else:
        # A module w/o __file__ (this includes builtins)
        raise ValueError("Can't resolve paths relative to the module " +
                         module + " (it has no __file__)")

    # Combine the base directory and the path.
    return os.path.join(basedir, *(path.split('/')))

######################################################################
## 2. Example & DocTest
######################################################################
## - An "example" is a <source, want> pair, where "source" is a
##   fragment of source code, and "want" is the expected output for
##   "source."  The Example class also includes information about
##   where the example was extracted from.
##
## - A "doctest" is a collection of examples, typically extracted from
##   a string (such as an object's docstring).  The DocTest class also
##   includes information about where the string was extracted from. 

def test_execfile(self):
        globals = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
        locals = {'b': 200, 'c': 300}

        self.assertEqual(self.__class__.z, 2)
        globals['z'] = 0
        execfile(TESTFN, globals)
        self.assertEqual(globals['z'], 2)
        locals['z'] = 0
        execfile(TESTFN, globals, locals)
        self.assertEqual(locals['z'], 2)

        class M:
            "Test mapping interface versus possible calls from execfile()."
            def __init__(self):
                self.z = 10
            def __getitem__(self, key):
                if key == 'z':
                    return self.z
                raise KeyError
            def __setitem__(self, key, value):
                if key == 'z':
                    self.z = value
                    return
                raise KeyError

        locals = M()
        locals['z'] = 0
        execfile(TESTFN, globals, locals)
        self.assertEqual(locals['z'], 2)

        unlink(TESTFN)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, execfile)
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, execfile, TESTFN, {}, ())
        import os
        self.assertRaises(IOError, execfile, os.curdir)
        self.assertRaises(IOError, execfile, "I_dont_exist") 

def test_wanted_dirs(self):
        # _candidate_tempdir_list contains the expected directories

        # Make sure the interesting environment variables are all set.
        with support.EnvironmentVarGuard() as env:
            for envname in 'TMPDIR', 'TEMP', 'TMP':
                dirname = os.getenv(envname)
                if not dirname:
                    env[envname] = os.path.abspath(envname)

            cand = tempfile._candidate_tempdir_list()

            for envname in 'TMPDIR', 'TEMP', 'TMP':
                dirname = os.getenv(envname)
                if not dirname: raise ValueError
                self.assertIn(dirname, cand)

            try:
                dirname = os.getcwd()
            except (AttributeError, os.error):
                dirname = os.curdir

            self.assertIn(dirname, cand)

            # Not practical to try to verify the presence of OS-specific
            # paths in this list. 

def test_directory_exists(self):
        # gettempdir returns a directory which exists

        dir = tempfile.gettempdir()
        self.assertTrue(os.path.isabs(dir) or dir == os.curdir,
                     "%s is not an absolute path" % dir)
        self.assertTrue(os.path.isdir(dir),
                     "%s is not a directory" % dir) 

def test_empty_cert(self):
            """Connecting with an empty cert file"""
            bad_cert_test(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__) or os.curdir,
                                      "nullcert.pem")) 

def test_malformed_cert(self):
            """Connecting with a badly formatted certificate (syntax error)"""
            bad_cert_test(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__) or os.curdir,
                                       "badcert.pem")) 

def test_nonexisting_cert(self):
            """Connecting with a non-existing cert file"""
            bad_cert_test(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__) or os.curdir,
                                       "wrongcert.pem")) 

def test_rewrite_pyc_with_read_only_source(self):
        # Issue 6074: a long time ago on posix, and more recently on Windows,
        # a read only source file resulted in a read only pyc file, which
        # led to problems with updating it later
        sys.path.insert(0, os.curdir)
        fname = TESTFN + os.extsep + "py"
        try:
            # Write a Python file, make it read-only and import it
            with open(fname, 'w') as f:
                f.write("x = 'original'\n")
            # Tweak the mtime of the source to ensure pyc gets updated later
            s = os.stat(fname)
            os.utime(fname, (s.st_atime, s.st_mtime-100000000))
            os.chmod(fname, 0400)
            m1 = __import__(TESTFN)
            self.assertEqual(m1.x, 'original')
            # Change the file and then reimport it
            os.chmod(fname, 0600)
            with open(fname, 'w') as f:
                f.write("x = 'rewritten'\n")
            unload(TESTFN)
            m2 = __import__(TESTFN)
            self.assertEqual(m2.x, 'rewritten')
            # Now delete the source file and check the pyc was rewritten
            unlink(fname)
            unload(TESTFN)
            m3 = __import__(TESTFN)
            self.assertEqual(m3.x, 'rewritten')
        finally:
            chmod_files(TESTFN)
            remove_files(TESTFN)
            unload(TESTFN)
            del sys.path[0] 

def test_failing_reload(self):
        # A failing reload should leave the module object in sys.modules.
        source = TESTFN + os.extsep + "py"
        with open(source, "w") as f:
            print >> f, "a = 1"
            print >> f, "b = 2"

        sys.path.insert(0, os.curdir)
        try:
            mod = __import__(TESTFN)
            self.assertIn(TESTFN, sys.modules)
            self.assertEqual(mod.a, 1, "module has wrong attribute values")
            self.assertEqual(mod.b, 2, "module has wrong attribute values")

            # On WinXP, just replacing the .py file wasn't enough to
            # convince reload() to reparse it.  Maybe the timestamp didn't
            # move enough.  We force it to get reparsed by removing the
            # compiled file too.
            remove_files(TESTFN)

            # Now damage the module.
            with open(source, "w") as f:
                print >> f, "a = 10"
                print >> f, "b = 20//0"

            self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError, imp.reload, mod)

            # But we still expect the module to be in sys.modules.
            mod = sys.modules.get(TESTFN)
            self.assertIsNot(mod, None, "expected module to be in sys.modules")

            # We should have replaced a w/ 10, but the old b value should
            # stick.
            self.assertEqual(mod.a, 10, "module has wrong attribute values")
            self.assertEqual(mod.b, 2, "module has wrong attribute values")

        finally:
            del sys.path[0]
            remove_files(TESTFN)
            unload(TESTFN) 

def test_makedir(self):
        base = test_support.TESTFN
        path = os.path.join(base, 'dir1', 'dir2', 'dir3')
        os.makedirs(path)             # Should work
        path = os.path.join(base, 'dir1', 'dir2', 'dir3', 'dir4')
        os.makedirs(path)

        # Try paths with a '.' in them
        self.assertRaises(OSError, os.makedirs, os.curdir)
        path = os.path.join(base, 'dir1', 'dir2', 'dir3', 'dir4', 'dir5', os.curdir)
        os.makedirs(path)
        path = os.path.join(base, 'dir1', os.curdir, 'dir2', 'dir3', 'dir4',
                            'dir5', 'dir6')
        os.makedirs(path) 

def setUp(self):
        GettextBaseTest.setUp(self)
        self.localedir = os.curdir
        self.mofile = MOFILE
        gettext.install('gettext', self.localedir) 

def setUp(self):
        GettextBaseTest.setUp(self)
        self.localedir = os.curdir
        # Set up the bindings
        gettext.bindtextdomain('gettext', self.localedir)
        gettext.textdomain('gettext')
        # For convenience
        self._ = gettext.gettext 

def test_statvfs(self):
        self.assertTrue(posix.statvfs(os.curdir)) 

def test_lsdir(self):
        self.assertIn(test_support.TESTFN, posix.lsdir(os.curdir)) 

def test_tempnam(self):
        with warnings.catch_warnings():
            warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", "tempnam", DeprecationWarning)
            self.assertTrue(posix.tempnam())
            self.assertTrue(posix.tempnam(os.curdir))
            self.assertTrue(posix.tempnam(os.curdir, 'blah')) 

def test_version(self):
        self.parser = InterceptingOptionParser(usage=SUPPRESS_USAGE,
                                               version="%prog 0.1")
        save_argv = sys.argv[:]
        try:
            sys.argv[0] = os.path.join(os.curdir, "foo", "bar")
            self.assertOutput(["--version"], "bar 0.1\n")
        finally:
            sys.argv[:] = save_argv 

def test_roundtrip_Alias(self):
        try:
            import Carbon.File
        except:
            self.skipTest('Carbon.File not available')
        if not hasattr(Carbon.File, "FSSpec"):
            self.skipTest('Carbon.File.FSSpec not available')
        o = Carbon.File.FSSpec(os.curdir).NewAliasMinimal()
        packed = aepack.pack(o)
        unpacked = aepack.unpack(packed)
        self.assertEqual(o.FSResolveAlias(None)[0].as_pathname(),
            unpacked.FSResolveAlias(None)[0].as_pathname()) 

def load_library(self, flags=0):
        # import it with the CFFI backend
        backend = self.ffi._backend
        # needs to make a path that contains '/', on Posix
        filename = os.path.join(os.curdir, self.verifier.modulefilename)
        module = backend.load_library(filename, flags)
        #
        # call loading_gen_struct() to get the struct layout inferred by
        # the C compiler
        self._load(module, 'loading')

        # build the FFILibrary class and instance, this is a module subclass
        # because modules are expected to have usually-constant-attributes and
        # in PyPy this means the JIT is able to treat attributes as constant,
        # which we want.
        class FFILibrary(types.ModuleType):
            _cffi_generic_module = module
            _cffi_ffi = self.ffi
            _cffi_dir = []
            def __dir__(self):
                return FFILibrary._cffi_dir
        library = FFILibrary("")
        #
        # finally, call the loaded_gen_xxx() functions.  This will set
        # up the 'library' object.
        self._load(module, 'loaded', library=library)
        return library 

def findall(dir = os.curdir):
    """Find all files under 'dir' and return the list of full filenames
    (relative to 'dir').
    """
    all_files = []
    for base, dirs, files in os.walk(dir):
        if base==os.curdir or base.startswith(os.curdir+os.sep):
            base = base[2:]
        if base:
            files = [os.path.join(base, f) for f in files]
        all_files.extend(filter(os.path.isfile, files))
    return all_files 

def fetch_build_egg(self, req):
        """Fetch an egg needed for building"""

        try:
            cmd = self._egg_fetcher
            cmd.package_index.to_scan = []
        except AttributeError:
            from setuptools.command.easy_install import easy_install
            dist = self.__class__({'script_args':['easy_install']})
            dist.parse_config_files()
            opts = dist.get_option_dict('easy_install')
            keep = (
                'find_links', 'site_dirs', 'index_url', 'optimize',
                'site_dirs', 'allow_hosts'
            )
            for key in list(opts):
                if key not in keep:
                    del opts[key]   # don't use any other settings
            if self.dependency_links:
                links = self.dependency_links[:]
                if 'find_links' in opts:
                    links = opts['find_links'][1].split() + links
                opts['find_links'] = ('setup', links)
            cmd = easy_install(
                dist, args=["x"], install_dir=os.curdir, exclude_scripts=True,
                always_copy=False, build_directory=None, editable=False,
                upgrade=False, multi_version=True, no_report=True, user=False
            )
            cmd.ensure_finalized()
            self._egg_fetcher = cmd
        return cmd.easy_install(req) 

def make_relative(self,path):
        npath, last = os.path.split(normalize_path(path))
        baselen = len(self.basedir)
        parts = [last]
        sep = os.altsep=='/' and '/' or os.sep
        while len(npath)>=baselen:
            if npath==self.basedir:
                parts.append(os.curdir)
                parts.reverse()
                return sep.join(parts)
            npath, last = os.path.split(npath)
            parts.append(last)
        else:
            return path 

def finalize_options(self):
        self.egg_name = safe_name(self.distribution.get_name())
        self.vtags = self.tags()
        self.egg_version = self.tagged_version()

        try:
            list(
                parse_requirements('%s==%s' % (self.egg_name,self.egg_version))
            )
        except ValueError:
            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsOptionError(
                "Invalid distribution name or version syntax: %s-%s" %
                (self.egg_name,self.egg_version)
            )

        if self.egg_base is None:
            dirs = self.distribution.package_dir
            self.egg_base = (dirs or {}).get('',os.curdir)

        self.ensure_dirname('egg_base')
        self.egg_info = to_filename(self.egg_name)+'.egg-info'
        if self.egg_base != os.curdir:
            self.egg_info = os.path.join(self.egg_base, self.egg_info)
        if '-' in self.egg_name: self.check_broken_egg_info()

        # Set package version for the benefit of dumber commands
        # (e.g. sdist, bdist_wininst, etc.)
        #
        self.distribution.metadata.version = self.egg_version

        # If we bootstrapped around the lack of a PKG-INFO, as might be the
        # case in a fresh checkout, make sure that any special tags get added
        # to the version info
        #
        pd = self.distribution._patched_dist
        if pd is not None and pd.key==self.egg_name.lower():
            pd._version = self.egg_version
            pd._parsed_version = parse_version(self.egg_version)
            self.distribution._patched_dist = None 

def get_svn_revision():
        return str(svn_utils.SvnInfo.load(os.curdir).get_revision()) 

def check_broken_egg_info(self):
        bei = self.egg_name+'.egg-info'
        if self.egg_base != os.curdir:
            bei = os.path.join(self.egg_base, bei)
        if os.path.exists(bei):
            log.warn(
                "-"*78+'\n'
                "Note: Your current .egg-info directory has a '-' in its name;"
                '\nthis will not work correctly with "setup.py develop".\n\n'
                'Please rename %s to %s to correct this problem.\n'+'-'*78,
                bei, self.egg_info
            )
            self.broken_egg_info = self.egg_info
            self.egg_info = bei     # make it work for now 

def finalize_options(self):
        _build_ext.finalize_options(self)
        self.extensions = self.extensions or []
        self.check_extensions_list(self.extensions)
        self.shlibs = [ext for ext in self.extensions
                        if isinstance(ext,Library)]
        if self.shlibs:
            self.setup_shlib_compiler()
        for ext in self.extensions:
            ext._full_name = self.get_ext_fullname(ext.name)
        for ext in self.extensions:
            fullname = ext._full_name
            self.ext_map[fullname] = ext

            # distutils 3.1 will also ask for module names
            # XXX what to do with conflicts?
            self.ext_map[fullname.split('.')[-1]] = ext

            ltd = ext._links_to_dynamic = \
                self.shlibs and self.links_to_dynamic(ext) or False
            ext._needs_stub = ltd and use_stubs and not isinstance(ext,Library)
            filename = ext._file_name = self.get_ext_filename(fullname)
            libdir = os.path.dirname(os.path.join(self.build_lib,filename))
            if ltd and libdir not in ext.library_dirs:
                ext.library_dirs.append(libdir)
            if ltd and use_stubs and os.curdir not in ext.runtime_library_dirs:
                ext.runtime_library_dirs.append(os.curdir) 

def __init__(self):
        # The absolute path to our current directory.
        self.relative_dir = os.path.normcase(abs_file(os.curdir) + os.sep)

        # Cache of results of calling the canonical_filename() method, to
        # avoid duplicating work.
        self.canonical_filename_cache = {} 

def dumpFileData(outpath, basefname, datapath, backupusers):
   readmeLines = []
   pwd = os.curdir
   # Backup, compress requested ARCHIVE_PATH/<user> directories
   os.chdir(datapath)
   for entry in os.listdir(datapath):
      if entry in backupusers:
         if len(readmeLines) == 0:
            readmeLines.extend(['', '', 
            '   The following files contain the file data for Lifemapper data for users: ',
            str(backupusers),
            '   In the target Lifemapper installation, file data should be moved into the ',
            '   ARCHIVE_PATH directory; these data came from the',
            '   {} directory in the origin Lifemapper installation on {}'.format(datapath, getTimestamp(dateonly=True)),
            '',
            '   If the existing data archive contains a matching username, data could',
            '   be overwritten.  If this is the case, uncompress to a different',
            '   location, and merge with \"rsync -av source destination\".',
            '   To uncompress data, execute the following commands: '])

         outfname = getFilename(outpath, basefname, 'file_data', user=entry)
         if not DEBUG:
            with tarfile.open(outfname, mode='w:gz') as archive:
               archive.add(os.path.join(datapath, entry), recursive=True)
         
         restoreCmd = 'tar -xvzf {}'.format(outfname)
         readmeLines.append('      {}'.format(restoreCmd)) 
   os.chdir(pwd)     
            
   return readmeLines

# ............................................... 

def save_params(dir_path=os.curdir, epoch=None, name="", params=None, aux_states=None,
                ctx=mx.cpu()):
    prefix = os.path.join(dir_path, name)
    _, param_saving_path, _ = get_saving_path(prefix, epoch)
    if not os.path.isdir(dir_path) and not (dir_path == ""):
        os.makedirs(dir_path)
    save_dict = {('arg:%s' % k): v.copyto(ctx) for k, v in params.items()}
    save_dict.update({('aux:%s' % k): v.copyto(ctx) for k, v in aux_states.items()})
    nd.save(param_saving_path, save_dict)
    return param_saving_path 

def save_misc(dir_path=os.curdir, epoch=None, name="", content=None):
    prefix = os.path.join(dir_path, name)
    _, _, misc_saving_path = get_saving_path(prefix, epoch)
    with open(misc_saving_path, 'w') as fp:
        json.dump(content, fp)
    return misc_saving_path 

def quick_save_json(dir_path=os.curdir, file_name="", content=None):
    file_path = os.path.join(dir_path, file_name)
    if not os.path.isdir(dir_path):
        os.makedirs(dir_path)
    with open(file_path, 'w') as fp:
        json.dump(content, fp)
    logging.info('Save json into %s' % file_path) 

def __CurDir(self):
        if self.stack:
            return self.stack[-1].dir
        else:
            return os.path.realpath(os.curdir) 

def make_archive(base_name, format, root_dir=None, base_dir=None, verbose=0,
                 dry_run=0, owner=None, group=None, logger=None):
    """Create an archive file (eg. zip or tar).

    'base_name' is the name of the file to create, minus any format-specific
    extension; 'format' is the archive format: one of "zip", "tar", "bztar"
    or "gztar".

    'root_dir' is a directory that will be the root directory of the
    archive; ie. we typically chdir into 'root_dir' before creating the
    archive.  'base_dir' is the directory where we start archiving from;
    ie. 'base_dir' will be the common prefix of all files and
    directories in the archive.  'root_dir' and 'base_dir' both default
    to the current directory.  Returns the name of the archive file.

    'owner' and 'group' are used when creating a tar archive. By default,
    uses the current owner and group.
    """
    save_cwd = os.getcwd()
    if root_dir is not None:
        if logger is not None:
            logger.debug("changing into '%s'", root_dir)
        base_name = os.path.abspath(base_name)
        if not dry_run:
            os.chdir(root_dir)

    if base_dir is None:
        base_dir = os.curdir

    kwargs = {'dry_run': dry_run, 'logger': logger}

    try:
        format_info = _ARCHIVE_FORMATS[format]
    except KeyError:
        raise ValueError, "unknown archive format '%s'" % format

    func = format_info[0]
    for arg, val in format_info[1]:
        kwargs[arg] = val

    if format != 'zip':
        kwargs['owner'] = owner
        kwargs['group'] = group

    try:
        filename = func(base_name, base_dir, **kwargs)
    finally:
        if root_dir is not None:
            if logger is not None:
                logger.debug("changing back to '%s'", save_cwd)
            os.chdir(save_cwd)

    return filename 

def _extract_member(self, member, targetpath, pwd):
        """Extract the ZipInfo object 'member' to a physical
           file on the path targetpath.
        """
        # build the destination pathname, replacing
        # forward slashes to platform specific separators.
        arcname = member.filename.replace('/', os.path.sep)

        if os.path.altsep:
            arcname = arcname.replace(os.path.altsep, os.path.sep)
        # interpret absolute pathname as relative, remove drive letter or
        # UNC path, redundant separators, "." and ".." components.
        arcname = os.path.splitdrive(arcname)[1]
        arcname = os.path.sep.join(x for x in arcname.split(os.path.sep)
                    if x not in ('', os.path.curdir, os.path.pardir))
        if os.path.sep == '\\':
            # filter illegal characters on Windows
            illegal = ':<>|"?*'
            if isinstance(arcname, unicode):
                table = {ord(c): ord('_') for c in illegal}
            else:
                table = string.maketrans(illegal, '_' * len(illegal))
            arcname = arcname.translate(table)
            # remove trailing dots
            arcname = (x.rstrip('.') for x in arcname.split(os.path.sep))
            arcname = os.path.sep.join(x for x in arcname if x)

        targetpath = os.path.join(targetpath, arcname)
        targetpath = os.path.normpath(targetpath)

        # Create all upper directories if necessary.
        upperdirs = os.path.dirname(targetpath)
        if upperdirs and not os.path.exists(upperdirs):
            os.makedirs(upperdirs)

        if member.filename[-1] == '/':
            if not os.path.isdir(targetpath):
                os.mkdir(targetpath)
            return targetpath

        with self.open(member, pwd=pwd) as source, \
             file(targetpath, "wb") as target:
            shutil.copyfileobj(source, target)

        return targetpath 

def test_getcwd_long_pathnames(self):
        dirname = 'getcwd-test-directory-0123456789abcdef-01234567890abcdef'
        curdir = os.getcwd()
        base_path = os.path.abspath(test_support.TESTFN) + '.getcwd'

        try:
            os.mkdir(base_path)
            os.chdir(base_path)
        except:
            self.skipTest("cannot create directory for testing")

        try:
            def _create_and_do_getcwd(dirname, current_path_length = 0):
                try:
                    os.mkdir(dirname)
                except:
                    self.skipTest("mkdir cannot create directory sufficiently "
                                  "deep for getcwd test")

                os.chdir(dirname)
                try:
                    os.getcwd()
                    if current_path_length < 4099:
                        _create_and_do_getcwd(dirname, current_path_length + len(dirname) + 1)
                except OSError as e:
                    expected_errno = errno.ENAMETOOLONG
                    # The following platforms have quirky getcwd()
                    # behaviour -- see issue 9185 and 15765 for
                    # more information.
                    quirky_platform = (
                        'sunos' in sys.platform or
                        'netbsd' in sys.platform or
                        'openbsd' in sys.platform
                    )
                    if quirky_platform:
                        expected_errno = errno.ERANGE
                    self.assertEqual(e.errno, expected_errno)
                finally:
                    os.chdir('..')
                    os.rmdir(dirname)

            _create_and_do_getcwd(dirname)

        finally:
            os.chdir(curdir)
            shutil.rmtree(base_path) 

def make_archive(base_name, format, root_dir=None, base_dir=None, verbose=0,
                 dry_run=0, owner=None, group=None, logger=None):
    """Create an archive file (eg. zip or tar).

    'base_name' is the name of the file to create, minus any format-specific
    extension; 'format' is the archive format: one of "zip", "tar", "bztar"
    or "gztar".

    'root_dir' is a directory that will be the root directory of the
    archive; ie. we typically chdir into 'root_dir' before creating the
    archive.  'base_dir' is the directory where we start archiving from;
    ie. 'base_dir' will be the common prefix of all files and
    directories in the archive.  'root_dir' and 'base_dir' both default
    to the current directory.  Returns the name of the archive file.

    'owner' and 'group' are used when creating a tar archive. By default,
    uses the current owner and group.
    """
    save_cwd = os.getcwd()
    if root_dir is not None:
        if logger is not None:
            logger.debug("changing into '%s'", root_dir)
        base_name = os.path.abspath(base_name)
        if not dry_run:
            os.chdir(root_dir)

    if base_dir is None:
        base_dir = os.curdir

    kwargs = {'dry_run': dry_run, 'logger': logger}

    try:
        format_info = _ARCHIVE_FORMATS[format]
    except KeyError:
        raise ValueError("unknown archive format '%s'" % format)

    func = format_info[0]
    for arg, val in format_info[1]:
        kwargs[arg] = val

    if format != 'zip':
        kwargs['owner'] = owner
        kwargs['group'] = group

    try:
        filename = func(base_name, base_dir, **kwargs)
    finally:
        if root_dir is not None:
            if logger is not None:
                logger.debug("changing back to '%s'", save_cwd)
            os.chdir(save_cwd)

    return filename 

def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
        super(WheelCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kw)

        cmd_opts = self.cmd_opts

        cmd_opts.add_option(
            '-w', '--wheel-dir',
            dest='wheel_dir',
            metavar='dir',
            default=os.curdir,
            help=("Build wheels into <dir>, where the default is the "
                  "current working directory."),
        )
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_binary())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.only_binary())
        cmd_opts.add_option(
            '--build-option',
            dest='build_options',
            metavar='options',
            action='append',
            help="Extra arguments to be supplied to 'setup.py bdist_wheel'.",
        )
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_build_isolation())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.constraints())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.editable())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.requirements())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.src())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.ignore_requires_python())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_deps())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.build_dir())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.progress_bar())

        cmd_opts.add_option(
            '--global-option',
            dest='global_options',
            action='append',
            metavar='options',
            help="Extra global options to be supplied to the setup.py "
            "call before the 'bdist_wheel' command.")

        cmd_opts.add_option(
            '--pre',
            action='store_true',
            default=False,
            help=("Include pre-release and development versions. By default, "
                  "pip only finds stable versions."),
        )

        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_clean())
        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.require_hashes())

        index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
            cmdoptions.index_group,
            self.parser,
        )

        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, cmd_opts) 

def do_GET(self):
    if self.path=='/':
      self.path='/app/index.html'
    try:
      sendReply = False
      if self.path.endswith('.html'):
        mimetype='text/html'
        sendReply = True
      if self.path.endswith('.jpg'):
        mimetype='image/jpg'
        sendReply = True
      if self.path.endswith('.gif'):
        mimetype='image/gif'
        sendReply = True
      if self.path.endswith('.js'):
        mimetype='application/javascript'
        sendReply = True
      if self.path.endswith('.css'):
        mimetype='text/css'
        sendReply = True
      if self.path.endswith('.json'):
        mimetype='application/json'
        self.send_response(200)
        self.send_header('Content-type', mimetype)
        self.end_headers()
        if 'months' in self.path:
          self.wfile.write(json.dumps(methods.months(), ensure_ascii=False))
        elif 'keys' in self.path:
          self.wfile.write(json.dumps(methods.keys(), ensure_ascii=False))
        elif 'report' in self.path:
          key = self.path.split('/')[-1].split('.')[0]
          self.wfile.write(json.dumps(report.simple(key), ensure_ascii=False))
        elif 'basic_info' in self.path:
          self.wfile.write(json.dumps(basic_info, ensure_ascii=False))
        return
      if sendReply == True:
        f = open(curdir + sep + self.path)
        self.send_response(200)
        self.send_header('Content-type', mimetype)
        self.end_headers()
        self.wfile.write(f.read())
        f.close()
      return
    except IOError:
      self.send_error(404,'File Not Found: %s' % self.path) 

def make_archive(base_name, format, root_dir=None, base_dir=None, verbose=0,
                 dry_run=0, owner=None, group=None, logger=None):
    """Create an archive file (eg. zip or tar).

    'base_name' is the name of the file to create, minus any format-specific
    extension; 'format' is the archive format: one of "zip", "tar", "bztar"
    or "gztar".

    'root_dir' is a directory that will be the root directory of the
    archive; ie. we typically chdir into 'root_dir' before creating the
    archive.  'base_dir' is the directory where we start archiving from;
    ie. 'base_dir' will be the common prefix of all files and
    directories in the archive.  'root_dir' and 'base_dir' both default
    to the current directory.  Returns the name of the archive file.

    'owner' and 'group' are used when creating a tar archive. By default,
    uses the current owner and group.
    """
    save_cwd = os.getcwd()
    if root_dir is not None:
        if logger is not None:
            logger.debug("changing into '%s'", root_dir)
        base_name = os.path.abspath(base_name)
        if not dry_run:
            os.chdir(root_dir)

    if base_dir is None:
        base_dir = os.curdir

    kwargs = {'dry_run': dry_run, 'logger': logger}

    try:
        format_info = _ARCHIVE_FORMATS[format]
    except KeyError:
        raise ValueError("unknown archive format '%s'" % format)

    func = format_info[0]
    for arg, val in format_info[1]:
        kwargs[arg] = val

    if format != 'zip':
        kwargs['owner'] = owner
        kwargs['group'] = group

    try:
        filename = func(base_name, base_dir, **kwargs)
    finally:
        if root_dir is not None:
            if logger is not None:
                logger.debug("changing back to '%s'", save_cwd)
            os.chdir(save_cwd)

    return filename 

def finalize_options(self):
        ei = self.get_finalized_command("egg_info")
        if ei.broken_egg_info:
            raise DistutilsError(
            "Please rename %r to %r before using 'develop'"
            % (ei.egg_info, ei.broken_egg_info)
            )
        self.args = [ei.egg_name]




        easy_install.finalize_options(self)
        self.expand_basedirs()
        self.expand_dirs()
        # pick up setup-dir .egg files only: no .egg-info
        self.package_index.scan(glob.glob('*.egg'))

        self.egg_link = os.path.join(self.install_dir, ei.egg_name+'.egg-link')
        self.egg_base = ei.egg_base
        if self.egg_path is None:
            self.egg_path = os.path.abspath(ei.egg_base)

        target = normalize_path(self.egg_base)
        if normalize_path(os.path.join(self.install_dir, self.egg_path)) != target:
            raise DistutilsOptionError(
                "--egg-path must be a relative path from the install"
                " directory to "+target
        )

        # Make a distribution for the package's source
        self.dist = Distribution(
            target,
            PathMetadata(target, os.path.abspath(ei.egg_info)),
            project_name = ei.egg_name
        )

        p = self.egg_base.replace(os.sep,'/')
        if p!= os.curdir:
            p = '../' * (p.count('/')+1)
        self.setup_path = p
        p = normalize_path(os.path.join(self.install_dir, self.egg_path, p))
        if  p != normalize_path(os.curdir):
            raise DistutilsOptionError(
                "Can't get a consistent path to setup script from"
                " installation directory", p, normalize_path(os.curdir)) 

def _get_default_tempdir():
    """Calculate the default directory to use for temporary files.
    This routine should be called exactly once.

    We determine whether or not a candidate temp dir is usable by
    trying to create and write to a file in that directory.  If this
    is successful, the test file is deleted.  To prevent denial of
    service, the name of the test file must be randomized."""

    namer = _RandomNameSequence()
    dirlist = _candidate_tempdir_list()

    for dir in dirlist:
        if dir != _os.curdir:
            dir = _os.path.abspath(dir)
        # Try only a few names per directory.
        for seq in range(100):
            name = next(namer)
            filename = _os.path.join(dir, name)
            try:
                fd = _os.open(filename, _bin_openflags, 0o600)
                try:
                    try:
                        with _io.open(fd, 'wb', closefd=False) as fp:
                            fp.write(b'blat')
                    finally:
                        _os.close(fd)
                finally:
                    _os.unlink(filename)
                return dir
            except FileExistsError:
                pass
            except PermissionError:
                # This exception is thrown when a directory with the chosen name
                # already exists on windows.
                if (_os.name == 'nt' and _os.path.isdir(dir) and
                    _os.access(dir, _os.W_OK)):
                    continue
                break   # no point trying more names in this directory
            except OSError:
                break   # no point trying more names in this directory
    raise FileNotFoundError(_errno.ENOENT,
                            "No usable temporary directory found in %s" %
                            dirlist)