Vector, Array, List and Data Frame in R
Vector, Array, List and Data Frame are 4 basic data types defined in R. Knowing the differences between them will help you use R more efficiently.
1. Vector
All elements must be of the same type.
For example, the following code create two vectors.
name <- c("Mike", "Lucy", "John") age <- c(20, 25, 30)
2. Array & Matrix
Matrix is a special kind of vector. A matrix is a vector with two additional attributes: the number of rows and the number of columns.
> x <- matrix(c(1,2,3,4), nrow=2, ncol=2) > x [,1] [,2] [1,] 1 3 [2,] 2 4
Similar to matrix, but arrays can have more than two dimensions.
3. List
List can contain elements of different types.
> y <- list(name="Mike", gender="M", company="ProgramCreek") > y $name [1] "Mike" $gender [1] "M" $company [1] "ProgramCreek"
4. Date Frame
A data frame is used for storing data tables. It is a list of vectors of equal length.
For example, you can create a date frame by using the following code:
> name <- c("Mike", "Lucy", "John") > age <- c(20, 25, 30) > student <- c(TRUE, FALSE, TRUE) > df = data.frame(name, age, student) > df name age student 1 Mike 20 TRUE 2 Lucy 25 FALSE 3 John 30 TRUE
<pre><code> String foo = "bar"; </code></pre>
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