Python collections.UserList() Examples

def as_markdown(obj):

    if hasattr(obj, 'as_markdown'):
        return obj.as_markdown

    #TODO: Find a good rule here.
    #Must be such that;
    #Lists from mutiple providers are separated.
    #namedtupes such as Experiment() are represented by str()
    #userlists such as PDFs are separated.
    #Maybe have a special method=
    if isinstance(obj, (list, UserList)):
        return '\n'.join(as_markdown(elem) for elem in obj)

    if hasattr(obj, '__name__'):
        return obj.__name__

    if isinstance(obj, float):
        return floatformatting.format_number(obj)

    return str(obj) 

def test_user_list(self):
        d = collections.UserList()
        self.assertEqual(pprint.pformat(d, width=1), "[]")
        words = 'the quick brown fox jumped over a lazy dog'.split()
        d = collections.UserList(zip(words, itertools.count()))
        self.assertEqual(pprint.pformat(d),
"""\
[('the', 0),
 ('quick', 1),
 ('brown', 2),
 ('fox', 3),
 ('jumped', 4),
 ('over', 5),
 ('a', 6),
 ('lazy', 7),
 ('dog', 8)]""") 

def test_compat_pickle(self):
        tests = [
            (range(1, 7), '__builtin__', 'xrange'),
            (map(int, '123'), 'itertools', 'imap'),
            (functools.reduce, '__builtin__', 'reduce'),
            (dbm.whichdb, 'whichdb', 'whichdb'),
            (Exception(), 'exceptions', 'Exception'),
            (collections.UserDict(), 'UserDict', 'IterableUserDict'),
            (collections.UserList(), 'UserList', 'UserList'),
            (collections.defaultdict(), 'collections', 'defaultdict'),
        ]
        for val, mod, name in tests:
            for proto in range(3):
                with self.subTest(type=type(val), proto=proto):
                    pickled = self.dumps(val, proto)
                    self.assertIn(('c%s\n%s' % (mod, name)).encode(), pickled)
                    self.assertIs(type(self.loads(pickled)), type(val)) 

def test_plain(self):
        f = self.makeCallable('a, b=1')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'a=2')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'b=3, a=2')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, b=3')
        # expand *iterable / **mapping
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*(2,)')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*[2]')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*(2, 3)')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*[2, 3]')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '**{"a":2}')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'b=3, **{"a":2}')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, **{"b":3}')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '**{"b":3, "a":2}')
        # expand UserList / UserDict
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*collections.UserList([2])')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*collections.UserList([2, 3])')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '**collections.UserDict(a=2)')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, **collections.UserDict(b=3)')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'b=2, **collections.UserDict(a=3)') 

def test_multiple_features(self):
        f = self.makeCallable('a, b=2, *f, **g')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, 7')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, x=8')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, x=8, *[(4,[5,6]), 7]')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, x=8, *[3, (4,[5,6]), 7], y=9')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'x=8, *[2, 3, (4,[5,6])], y=9')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'x=8, *collections.UserList('
                                 '[2, 3, (4,[5,6])]), **{"y":9, "z":10}')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, x=8, *collections.UserList([3, '
                                 '(4,[5,6])]), **collections.UserDict('
                                 'y=9, z=10)')

        f = self.makeCallable('a, b=2, *f, x, y=99, **g')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, x=8')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, x=8, *[(4,[5,6]), 7]')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, x=8, *[3, (4,[5,6]), 7], y=9, z=10')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'x=8, *[2, 3, (4,[5,6])], y=9, z=10')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'x=8, *collections.UserList('
                                 '[2, 3, (4,[5,6])]), q=0, **{"y":9, "z":10}')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, x=8, *collections.UserList([3, '
                                 '(4,[5,6])]), q=0, **collections.UserDict('
                                 'y=9, z=10)') 

def test_user_list(self):
        d = collections.UserList()
        self.assertEqual(pprint.pformat(d, width=1), "[]")
        words = 'the quick brown fox jumped over a lazy dog'.split()
        d = collections.UserList(zip(words, itertools.count()))
        self.assertEqual(pprint.pformat(d),
"""\
[('the', 0),
 ('quick', 1),
 ('brown', 2),
 ('fox', 3),
 ('jumped', 4),
 ('over', 5),
 ('a', 6),
 ('lazy', 7),
 ('dog', 8)]""") 

def test_compat_pickle(self):
        tests = [
            (range(1, 7), '__builtin__', 'xrange'),
            (map(int, '123'), 'itertools', 'imap'),
            (functools.reduce, '__builtin__', 'reduce'),
            (dbm.whichdb, 'whichdb', 'whichdb'),
            (Exception(), 'exceptions', 'Exception'),
            (collections.UserDict(), 'UserDict', 'IterableUserDict'),
            (collections.UserList(), 'UserList', 'UserList'),
            (collections.defaultdict(), 'collections', 'defaultdict'),
        ]
        for val, mod, name in tests:
            for proto in range(3):
                with self.subTest(type=type(val), proto=proto):
                    pickled = self.dumps(val, proto)
                    self.assertIn(('c%s\n%s' % (mod, name)).encode(), pickled)
                    self.assertIs(type(self.loads(pickled)), type(val)) 

def test_plain(self):
        f = self.makeCallable('a, b=1')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'a=2')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'b=3, a=2')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, b=3')
        # expand *iterable / **mapping
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*(2,)')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*[2]')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*(2, 3)')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*[2, 3]')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '**{"a":2}')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'b=3, **{"a":2}')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, **{"b":3}')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '**{"b":3, "a":2}')
        # expand UserList / UserDict
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*collections.UserList([2])')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*collections.UserList([2, 3])')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '**collections.UserDict(a=2)')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, **collections.UserDict(b=3)')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'b=2, **collections.UserDict(a=3)') 

def test_multiple_features(self):
        f = self.makeCallable('a, b=2, *f, **g')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, 7')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, x=8')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, x=8, *[(4,[5,6]), 7]')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, x=8, *[3, (4,[5,6]), 7], y=9')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'x=8, *[2, 3, (4,[5,6])], y=9')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'x=8, *collections.UserList('
                                 '[2, 3, (4,[5,6])]), **{"y":9, "z":10}')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, x=8, *collections.UserList([3, '
                                 '(4,[5,6])]), **collections.UserDict('
                                 'y=9, z=10)')

        f = self.makeCallable('a, b=2, *f, x, y=99, **g')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, x=8')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, x=8, *[(4,[5,6]), 7]')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, x=8, *[3, (4,[5,6]), 7], y=9, z=10')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'x=8, *[2, 3, (4,[5,6])], y=9, z=10')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, 'x=8, *collections.UserList('
                                 '[2, 3, (4,[5,6])]), q=0, **{"y":9, "z":10}')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, x=8, *collections.UserList([3, '
                                 '(4,[5,6])]), q=0, **collections.UserDict('
                                 'y=9, z=10)') 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def test_writelines_userlist(self):
        l = UserList([b'ab', b'cd', b'ef'])
        writer = self.MockRawIO()
        bufio = self.tp(writer, 8)
        bufio.writelines(l)
        bufio.flush()
        self.assertEqual(b''.join(writer._write_stack), b'abcdef') 

def test_writelines_userlist(self):
        l = UserList(['ab', 'cd', 'ef'])
        buf = self.BytesIO()
        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(buf)
        txt.writelines(l)
        txt.flush()
        self.assertEqual(buf.getvalue(), b'abcdef') 

def test_precomputed(self):
        for func, data, elem, expected in self.precomputedCases:
            self.assertEqual(func(data, elem), expected)
            self.assertEqual(func(UserList(data), elem), expected) 

def test_vsBuiltinSort(self, n=500):
        from random import choice
        for insorted in (list(), UserList()):
            for i in range(n):
                digit = choice("0123456789")
                if digit in "02468":
                    f = self.module.insort_left
                else:
                    f = self.module.insort_right
                f(insorted, digit)
            self.assertEqual(sorted(insorted), insorted) 

def test_recursion(self):
        # Check that comparison for recursive objects fails gracefully
        from collections import UserList
        a = UserList()
        b = UserList()
        a.append(b)
        b.append(a)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.eq, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.ne, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.lt, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.le, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.gt, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.ge, a, b)

        b.append(17)
        # Even recursive lists of different lengths are different,
        # but they cannot be ordered
        self.assertTrue(not (a == b))
        self.assertTrue(a != b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.lt, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.le, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.gt, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.ge, a, b)
        a.append(17)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.eq, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.ne, a, b)
        a.insert(0, 11)
        b.insert(0, 12)
        self.assertTrue(not (a == b))
        self.assertTrue(a != b)
        self.assertTrue(a < b) 

def testWritelinesUserList(self):
        # verify writelines with instance sequence
        l = UserList([b'1', b'2'])
        self.f.writelines(l)
        self.f.close()
        self.f = self.open(TESTFN, 'rb')
        buf = self.f.read()
        self.assertEqual(buf, b'12') 

def testWritelinesIntegersUserList(self):
        # verify writelines with integers in UserList
        l = UserList([1,2,3])
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.f.writelines, l) 

def test_basic_proxy(self):
        o = C()
        self.check_proxy(o, weakref.proxy(o))

        L = collections.UserList()
        p = weakref.proxy(L)
        self.assertFalse(p, "proxy for empty UserList should be false")
        p.append(12)
        self.assertEqual(len(L), 1)
        self.assertTrue(p, "proxy for non-empty UserList should be true")
        p[:] = [2, 3]
        self.assertEqual(len(L), 2)
        self.assertEqual(len(p), 2)
        self.assertIn(3, p, "proxy didn't support __contains__() properly")
        p[1] = 5
        self.assertEqual(L[1], 5)
        self.assertEqual(p[1], 5)
        L2 = collections.UserList(L)
        p2 = weakref.proxy(L2)
        self.assertEqual(p, p2)
        ## self.assertEqual(repr(L2), repr(p2))
        L3 = collections.UserList(range(10))
        p3 = weakref.proxy(L3)
        self.assertEqual(L3[:], p3[:])
        self.assertEqual(L3[5:], p3[5:])
        self.assertEqual(L3[:5], p3[:5])
        self.assertEqual(L3[2:5], p3[2:5]) 

def testWritelinesUserList(self):
        l = UserList([b'123', b'456'])
        self.f.writelines(l)
        self.f.close()
        self.f = self.FileIO(TESTFN, 'rb')
        buf = self.f.read()
        self.assertEqual(buf, b'123456') 

def test_varargs(self):
        f = self.makeCallable('a, b=1, *c')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, 4')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*(2,3,4)')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, *[3,4]')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, *collections.UserList([4])') 

def test_add_specials(self):
        u = UserList("spam")
        u2 = u + "eggs"
        self.assertEqual(u2, list("spameggs")) 

def test_iadd(self):
        super().test_iadd()
        u = [0, 1]
        u += UserList([0, 1])
        self.assertEqual(u, [0, 1, 0, 1]) 

def _unwrap(obj):
    if isinstance(obj, UserList) or isinstance(obj, UserDict):
        return obj.data
    return obj 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def test_writelines_userlist(self):
        l = UserList([b'ab', b'cd', b'ef'])
        writer = self.MockRawIO()
        bufio = self.tp(writer, 8)
        bufio.writelines(l)
        bufio.flush()
        self.assertEqual(b''.join(writer._write_stack), b'abcdef') 

def test_writelines_userlist(self):
        l = UserList(['ab', 'cd', 'ef'])
        buf = self.BytesIO()
        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(buf)
        txt.writelines(l)
        txt.flush()
        self.assertEqual(buf.getvalue(), b'abcdef') 

def test_precomputed(self):
        for func, data, elem, expected in self.precomputedCases:
            self.assertEqual(func(data, elem), expected)
            self.assertEqual(func(UserList(data), elem), expected) 

def test_vsBuiltinSort(self, n=500):
        from random import choice
        for insorted in (list(), UserList()):
            for i in range(n):
                digit = choice("0123456789")
                if digit in "02468":
                    f = self.module.insort_left
                else:
                    f = self.module.insort_right
                f(insorted, digit)
            self.assertEqual(sorted(insorted), insorted) 

def test_recursion(self):
        # Check that comparison for recursive objects fails gracefully
        from collections import UserList
        a = UserList()
        b = UserList()
        a.append(b)
        b.append(a)
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, operator.eq, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, operator.ne, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, operator.lt, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, operator.le, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, operator.gt, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, operator.ge, a, b)

        b.append(17)
        # Even recursive lists of different lengths are different,
        # but they cannot be ordered
        self.assertTrue(not (a == b))
        self.assertTrue(a != b)
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, operator.lt, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, operator.le, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, operator.gt, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, operator.ge, a, b)
        a.append(17)
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, operator.eq, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, operator.ne, a, b)
        a.insert(0, 11)
        b.insert(0, 12)
        self.assertTrue(not (a == b))
        self.assertTrue(a != b)
        self.assertTrue(a < b) 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def test_writelines_userlist(self):
        l = UserList([b'ab', b'cd', b'ef'])
        writer = self.MockRawIO()
        bufio = self.tp(writer, 8)
        bufio.writelines(l)
        bufio.flush()
        self.assertEqual(b''.join(writer._write_stack), b'abcdef') 

def test_writelines_userlist(self):
        l = UserList(['ab', 'cd', 'ef'])
        buf = self.BytesIO()
        txt = self.TextIOWrapper(buf)
        txt.writelines(l)
        txt.flush()
        self.assertEqual(buf.getvalue(), b'abcdef') 

def test_precomputed(self):
        for func, data, elem, expected in self.precomputedCases:
            self.assertEqual(func(data, elem), expected)
            self.assertEqual(func(UserList(data), elem), expected) 

def test_vsBuiltinSort(self, n=500):
        from random import choice
        for insorted in (list(), UserList()):
            for i in range(n):
                digit = choice("0123456789")
                if digit in "02468":
                    f = self.module.insort_left
                else:
                    f = self.module.insort_right
                f(insorted, digit)
            self.assertEqual(sorted(insorted), insorted) 

def test_recursion(self):
        # Check that comparison for recursive objects fails gracefully
        from collections import UserList
        a = UserList()
        b = UserList()
        a.append(b)
        b.append(a)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.eq, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.ne, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.lt, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.le, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.gt, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.ge, a, b)

        b.append(17)
        # Even recursive lists of different lengths are different,
        # but they cannot be ordered
        self.assertTrue(not (a == b))
        self.assertTrue(a != b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.lt, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.le, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.gt, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.ge, a, b)
        a.append(17)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.eq, a, b)
        self.assertRaises(RecursionError, operator.ne, a, b)
        a.insert(0, 11)
        b.insert(0, 12)
        self.assertTrue(not (a == b))
        self.assertTrue(a != b)
        self.assertTrue(a < b) 

def test_list_copy(self):
        obj = UserList()
        obj.append(123)
        self._copy_test(obj) 

def testWritelinesUserList(self):
        # verify writelines with instance sequence
        l = UserList([b'1', b'2'])
        self.f.writelines(l)
        self.f.close()
        self.f = self.open(TESTFN, 'rb')
        buf = self.f.read()
        self.assertEqual(buf, b'12') 

def testWritelinesIntegersUserList(self):
        # verify writelines with integers in UserList
        l = UserList([1,2,3])
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.f.writelines, l) 

def test_join(self):
        # join now works with any sequence type
        # moved here, because the argument order is
        # different in string.join
        self.checkequal('a b c d', ' ', 'join', ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
        self.checkequal('abcd', '', 'join', ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd'))
        self.checkequal('bd', '', 'join', ('', 'b', '', 'd'))
        self.checkequal('ac', '', 'join', ('a', '', 'c', ''))
        self.checkequal('w x y z', ' ', 'join', Sequence())
        self.checkequal('abc', 'a', 'join', ('abc',))
        self.checkequal('z', 'a', 'join', UserList(['z']))
        self.checkequal('a.b.c', '.', 'join', ['a', 'b', 'c'])
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, '.'.join, ['a', 'b', 3])
        for i in [5, 25, 125]:
            self.checkequal(((('a' * i) + '-') * i)[:-1], '-', 'join',
                 ['a' * i] * i)
            self.checkequal(((('a' * i) + '-') * i)[:-1], '-', 'join',
                 ('a' * i,) * i)

        #self.checkequal(str(BadSeq1()), ' ', 'join', BadSeq1())
        self.checkequal('a b c', ' ', 'join', BadSeq2())

        self.checkraises(TypeError, ' ', 'join')
        self.checkraises(TypeError, ' ', 'join', None)
        self.checkraises(TypeError, ' ', 'join', 7)
        self.checkraises(TypeError, ' ', 'join', [1, 2, bytes()])
        try:
            def f():
                yield 4 + ""
            self.fixtype(' ').join(f())
        except TypeError as e:
            if '+' not in str(e):
                self.fail('join() ate exception message')
        else:
            self.fail('exception not raised') 

def testWritelinesUserList(self):
        l = UserList([b'123', b'456'])
        self.f.writelines(l)
        self.f.close()
        self.f = self.FileIO(TESTFN, 'rb')
        buf = self.f.read()
        self.assertEqual(buf, b'123456') 

def test_varargs(self):
        f = self.makeCallable('a, b=1, *c')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, 4')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '*(2,3,4)')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, *[3,4]')
        self.assertEqualCallArgs(f, '2, 3, *collections.UserList([4])') 

def test_add_specials(self):
        u = UserList("spam")
        u2 = u + "eggs"
        self.assertEqual(u2, list("spameggs")) 

def test_radd_specials(self):
        u = UserList("eggs")
        u2 = "spam" + u
        self.assertEqual(u2, list("spameggs"))
        u2 = u.__radd__(UserList("spam"))
        self.assertEqual(u2, list("spameggs")) 

def test_iadd(self):
        super().test_iadd()
        u = [0, 1]
        u += UserList([0, 1])
        self.assertEqual(u, [0, 1, 0, 1]) 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def is_List(e):
    return isinstance(e, (list, UserList)) 

def is_List(e):
    return isinstance(e, (list, UserList)) 

def test_collections_userstuff(self):
        """
        UserDict, UserList, and UserString have been moved to the
        collections module.
        """
        from collections import UserDict
        from collections import UserList
        from collections import UserString
        self.assertTrue(True) 

def test_install_aliases(self):
        """
        Does the install_aliases() interface monkey-patch urllib etc. successfully?
        """
        from future.standard_library import remove_hooks, install_aliases
        remove_hooks()
        install_aliases()

        from collections import Counter, OrderedDict   # backported to Py2.6
        from collections import UserDict, UserList, UserString

        # Requires Python dbm support:
        # import dbm
        # import dbm.dumb
        # import dbm.gnu
        # import dbm.ndbm

        from itertools import filterfalse, zip_longest

        from subprocess import check_output    # backported to Py2.6
        from subprocess import getoutput, getstatusoutput

        from sys import intern

        # test_support may not be available (e.g. on Anaconda Py2.6):
        # import test.support

        import urllib.error
        import urllib.parse
        import urllib.request
        import urllib.response
        import urllib.robotparser

        self.assertTrue('urlopen' in dir(urllib.request)) 

def test_UserList(self):
        before = """
        from UserList import UserList
        a = UserList([1, 3, 5])
        assert len(a) == 3
        """
        after = """
        from collections import UserList
        a = UserList([1, 3, 5])
        assert len(a) == 3
        """
        self.convert_check(before, after, stages=(1, 2), ignore_imports=True) 

def __init__(self, initlist: List[Word] = None):
        self.data = []
        super().__init__(self)
        if initlist is not None:
            if type(initlist) == type(self.data):
                self.data[:] = initlist
            elif isinstance(initlist, UserList):
                self.data[:] = initlist.data[:]
            else:
                self.data = list(initlist) 

def test_collections_userstuff(self):
        """
        UserDict, UserList, and UserString have been moved to the
        collections module.
        """
        from collections import UserDict
        from collections import UserList
        from collections import UserString
        self.assertTrue(True) 

def test_install_aliases(self):
        """
        Does the install_aliases() interface monkey-patch urllib etc. successfully?
        """
        from future.standard_library import remove_hooks, install_aliases
        remove_hooks()
        install_aliases()

        from collections import Counter, OrderedDict   # backported to Py2.6
        from collections import UserDict, UserList, UserString

        # Requires Python dbm support:
        # import dbm
        # import dbm.dumb
        # import dbm.gnu
        # import dbm.ndbm

        from itertools import filterfalse, zip_longest

        from subprocess import check_output    # backported to Py2.6
        from subprocess import getoutput, getstatusoutput

        from sys import intern

        # test_support may not be available (e.g. on Anaconda Py2.6):
        # import test.support

        import urllib.error
        import urllib.parse
        import urllib.request
        import urllib.response
        import urllib.robotparser

        self.assertTrue('urlopen' in dir(urllib.request)) 

def test_UserList(self):
        before = """
        from UserList import UserList
        a = UserList([1, 3, 5])
        assert len(a) == 3
        """
        after = """
        from collections import UserList
        a = UserList([1, 3, 5])
        assert len(a) == 3
        """
        self.convert_check(before, after, stages=(1, 2), ignore_imports=True) 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def sequence(self, struct, size=1000, tree_depth=1, append_callable=None):
        """ Generates random values for sequence-like objects

            @struct: the sequence-like structure you want to fill with random
                data
            @size: #int number of random values to include in each @tree_depth
            @tree_depth: #int dict tree dimensions size, i.e.
                1=|(value1, value2)|
                2=|((value1, value2), (value1, value2))|
            @append_callable: #callable method which appends/adds data to your
                sequence-like structure - e.g. :meth:list.append

            -> random @struct
            ..
                from collections import UserList
                from redis_structures.debug import RandData

                class MySequence(UserList):
                    pass

                rd = RandData(int)

                my_seq = MySequence()
                rd.sequence(my_seq, 3, 1, my_seq.append)
                # -> [88508293836062443, 49097807561770961, 55043550817099444]
            ..
        """
        if not tree_depth:
            return self._map_type()
        _struct = struct()
        add_struct = _struct.append if not append_callable \
            else getattr(_struct, append_callable)
        for x in range(size):
            add_struct(self.sequence(
                struct, size, tree_depth-1, append_callable))
        return _struct 

def list(self, _list=None):
        #: (list, UserList)
        return self._format_numeric_sequence(_list, separator="]") 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al. 

def _set_default(obj):
    if isinstance(obj, set):
        return list(obj)
    if isinstance(obj, (bytes, bytearray)):
        return obj.decode("utf8", "replace")
    if isinstance(
        obj, (collections.UserDict, collections.UserList, collections.UserString)
    ):
        return obj.data
    return str(obj) 

def is_List(e):
    return type(e) is list \
        or isinstance(e, UserList) 

def is_List(e):
    return (type(e) is list) or isinstance(e, UserList) 

def stmap(func, iterable):
    if isinstance(iterable, six.string_types):
        return func(iterable)
    elif isinstance(iterable, (collections.Sequence, collections.UserList)):
        return [stmap(func, v) for v in iterable]
    elif isinstance(iterable, collections.Set):
        return {stmap(func, v) for v in iterable}
    elif isinstance(iterable, (collections.Mapping, collections.UserDict)):
        return {k: stmap(func, v) for k, v in iterable.items()}
    else:
        return func(iterable) 

def test_future_moves(self):
        """
        Ensure everything is available from the future.moves interface that we
        claim and expect. (Issue #104).
        """
        from future.moves.collections import Counter, OrderedDict   # backported to Py2.6
        from future.moves.collections import UserDict, UserList, UserString

        from future.moves import configparser
        from future.moves import copyreg

        from future.moves.itertools import filterfalse, zip_longest

        from future.moves import html
        import future.moves.html.entities
        import future.moves.html.parser

        from future.moves import http
        import future.moves.http.client
        import future.moves.http.cookies
        import future.moves.http.cookiejar
        import future.moves.http.server

        from future.moves import queue

        from future.moves import socketserver

        from future.moves.subprocess import check_output              # even on Py2.6
        from future.moves.subprocess import getoutput, getstatusoutput

        from future.moves.sys import intern

        from future.moves import urllib
        import future.moves.urllib.error
        import future.moves.urllib.parse
        import future.moves.urllib.request
        import future.moves.urllib.response
        import future.moves.urllib.robotparser

        try:
            # Is _winreg available on Py2? If so, ensure future.moves._winreg is available too:
            import _winreg
        except ImportError:
            pass
        else:
            from future.moves import winreg

        from future.moves import xmlrpc
        import future.moves.xmlrpc.client
        import future.moves.xmlrpc.server

        from future.moves import _dummy_thread
        from future.moves import _markupbase
        from future.moves import _thread 

def test_future_moves(self):
        """
        Ensure everything is available from the future.moves interface that we
        claim and expect. (Issue #104).
        """
        from future.moves.collections import Counter, OrderedDict   # backported to Py2.6
        from future.moves.collections import UserDict, UserList, UserString

        from future.moves import configparser
        from future.moves import copyreg

        from future.moves.itertools import filterfalse, zip_longest

        from future.moves import html
        import future.moves.html.entities
        import future.moves.html.parser

        from future.moves import http
        import future.moves.http.client
        import future.moves.http.cookies
        import future.moves.http.cookiejar
        import future.moves.http.server

        from future.moves import queue

        from future.moves import socketserver

        from future.moves.subprocess import check_output              # even on Py2.6
        from future.moves.subprocess import getoutput, getstatusoutput

        from future.moves.sys import intern

        from future.moves import urllib
        import future.moves.urllib.error
        import future.moves.urllib.parse
        import future.moves.urllib.request
        import future.moves.urllib.response
        import future.moves.urllib.robotparser

        try:
            # Is _winreg available on Py2? If so, ensure future.moves._winreg is available too:
            import _winreg
        except ImportError:
            pass
        else:
            from future.moves import winreg

        from future.moves import xmlrpc
        import future.moves.xmlrpc.client
        import future.moves.xmlrpc.server

        from future.moves import _dummy_thread
        from future.moves import _markupbase
        from future.moves import _thread