# Rekall Memory Forensics # Copyright (c) 2012, Michael Cohen <scudette@gmail.com> # Copyright (c) 2010, 2011, 2012 Michael Ligh <michael.ligh@mnin.org> # Copyright 2013 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved. # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at # your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU # General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA # """A Rekall Memory Forensics scanner which uses yara.""" from builtins import object import yara from rekall import scan from rekall import testlib from rekall import plugin from rekall.plugins.common import pfn from rekall_lib import utils class YaraScanMixin(object): """A common implementation of yara scanner. This should be mixed with the OS specific Scanner (e.g. WinScanner) and plugin.TypedProfileCommand. """ name = "yarascan" table_header = [ dict(name="Owner", width=20), dict(name="Rule", width=10), dict(name="Match", hidden=True), dict(name="Offset", style="address"), dict(name="hexdump", hex_width=16, width=67), dict(name="run", hidden=True), dict(name="address_space", hidden=True), dict(name="Context"), ] __args = [ dict(name="hits", default=10, type="IntParser", help="Quit after finding this many hits."), dict(name="string", default=None, help="A verbatim string to search for."), dict(name="binary_string", default=None, help="A binary string (encoded as hex) to search " "for. e.g. 000102[1-200]0506"), dict(name="yara_file", default=None, help="The yara signature file to read."), dict(name="yara_expression", default=None, help="If provided we scan for this yara " "expression."), dict(name="context", default=0x40, type="IntParser", help="Context to print after the hit."), dict(name="pre_context", default=0, type="IntParser", help="Context to print before the hit."), ] scanner_defaults = dict( scan_physical=True ) def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): """Scan using yara signatures.""" super(YaraScanMixin, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) # Compile the yara rules in advance. if self.plugin_args.yara_expression: self.rules_source = self.plugin_args.yara_expression self.rules = yara.compile(source=self.rules_source) elif self.plugin_args.binary_string: self.compile_rule( 'rule r1 {strings: $a = {%s} condition: $a}' % self.plugin_args.binary_string) elif self.plugin_args.string: self.compile_rule( 'rule r1 {strings: $a = "%s" condition: $a}' % self.plugin_args.string) elif self.plugin_args.yara_file: self.compile_rule(open(self.plugin_args.yara_file).read()) elif not self.ignore_required: raise plugin.PluginError("You must specify a yara rule file or " "string to match.") def compile_rule(self, rule): self.rules_source = rule try: self.rules = yara.compile(source=rule) except Exception as e: raise plugin.PluginError( "Failed to compile yara expression: %s" % e) def generate_hits(self, run): for buffer_as in scan.BufferASGenerator( self.session, run.address_space, run.start, run.end): self.session.report_progress( "Scanning buffer %#x->%#x (length %#x)", buffer_as.base_offset, buffer_as.end(), buffer_as.end() - buffer_as.base_offset) for match in self.rules.match(data=buffer_as.data): for buffer_offset, name, value in match.strings: hit_offset = buffer_offset + buffer_as.base_offset yield match, hit_offset def collect(self): """Render output.""" count = 0 for run in self.generate_memory_ranges(): for match, address in self.generate_hits(run): count += 1 if count >= self.plugin_args.hits: break # Result hit the physical memory - Get some context on this hit. if run.data.get("type") == "PhysicalAS": symbol = pfn.PhysicalAddressContext(self.session, address) else: symbol = utils.FormattedAddress( self.session.address_resolver, address, max_distance=2**64) yield dict( Owner=run.data.get("task") or run.data.get("type"), Match=match, Rule=match.rule, Offset=address, hexdump=utils.HexDumpedString( run.address_space.read( address - self.plugin_args.pre_context, self.plugin_args.context + self.plugin_args.pre_context)), Context=symbol, # Provide the address space where the hit is reported. address_space=run.address_space, run=run) class SimpleYaraScan(YaraScanMixin, plugin.TypedProfileCommand, plugin.PhysicalASMixin, plugin.ProfileCommand): """A Simple plugin which only yarascans the physical Address Space. This plugin should not trigger profile autodetection and therefore should be usable on any file at all. """ name = "simple_yarascan" __args = [ plugin.CommandOption("start", default=0, type="IntParser", help="Start searching from this offset."), plugin.CommandOption("limit", default=2**64, type="IntParser", help="The length of data to search."), ] table_header = [ dict(name="Rule", width=10), dict(name="Match", hidden=True), dict(name="Offset", style="address"), dict(name="hexdump", hex_width=16, width=67), ] PROFILE_REQUIRED = False def collect(self): """Render output.""" count = 0 address_space = self.session.physical_address_space for buffer_as in scan.BufferASGenerator( self.session, address_space, self.plugin_args.start, self.plugin_args.start + self.plugin_args.limit): self.session.report_progress( "Scanning buffer %#x->%#x (%#x)", buffer_as.base_offset, buffer_as.end(), buffer_as.end() - buffer_as.base_offset) for match in self.rules.match(data=buffer_as.data): for buffer_offset, _, _ in match.strings: hit_offset = buffer_offset + buffer_as.base_offset count += 1 if count >= self.plugin_args.hits: break yield dict( Match=match, Rule=match.rule, Offset=hit_offset, hexdump=utils.HexDumpedString( self.session.physical_address_space.read( hit_offset - self.plugin_args.pre_context, self.plugin_args.context + self.plugin_args.pre_context))) class TestYara(testlib.SimpleTestCase): """Test the yarascan module.""" PARAMETERS = dict(commandline="yarascan --string %(string)s --hits 10")