from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function
import numpy as np
np.random.seed(2 ** 10)
# Prevent reaching to maximum recursion depth in `theano.tensor.grad`
# import sys
# sys.setrecursionlimit(2 ** 20)
from six.moves import range
from keras.datasets import cifar10
from keras.layers import Input, Dense, Layer, merge, Activation, Flatten, Lambda
from keras.layers.convolutional import Convolution2D, AveragePooling2D
from keras.layers.normalization import BatchNormalization
from keras.models import Model
from keras.optimizers import SGD
from keras.regularizers import l2
from keras.callbacks import Callback, LearningRateScheduler
from keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
from keras.utils import np_utils
import keras.backend as K
batch_size = 64
nb_classes = 10
nb_epoch = 500
N = 18
weight_decay = 1e-4
lr_schedule = [0.5, 0.75]
death_mode = "lin_decay" # or uniform
death_rate = 0.5
img_rows, img_cols = 32, 32
img_channels = 3
(X_train, y_train), (X_test, y_test) = cifar10.load_data()
print('X_train shape:', X_train.shape)
print(X_train.shape[0], 'train samples')
print(X_test.shape[0], 'test samples')
X_train = X_train.astype('float32')
X_test = X_test.astype('float32')
# convert class vectors to binary class matrices
Y_train = np_utils.to_categorical(y_train, nb_classes)
Y_test = np_utils.to_categorical(y_test, nb_classes)
add_tables = []
inputs = Input(shape=(img_channels, img_rows, img_cols))
net = Convolution2D(16, 3, 3, border_mode="same", W_regularizer=l2(weight_decay))(inputs)
net = BatchNormalization(axis=1)(net)
net = Activation("relu")(net)
def residual_drop(x, input_shape, output_shape, strides=(1, 1)):
global add_tables
nb_filter = output_shape[0]
conv = Convolution2D(nb_filter, 3, 3, subsample=strides,
border_mode="same", W_regularizer=l2(weight_decay))(x)
conv = BatchNormalization(axis=1)(conv)
conv = Activation("relu")(conv)
conv = Convolution2D(nb_filter, 3, 3,
border_mode="same", W_regularizer=l2(weight_decay))(conv)
conv = BatchNormalization(axis=1)(conv)
if strides[0] >= 2:
x = AveragePooling2D(strides)(x)
if (output_shape[0] - input_shape[0]) > 0:
pad_shape = (1,
output_shape[0] - input_shape[0],
output_shape[1],
output_shape[2])
padding = K.zeros(pad_shape)
padding = K.repeat_elements(padding, K.shape(x)[0], axis=0)
x = Lambda(lambda y: K.concatenate([y, padding], axis=1),
output_shape=output_shape)(x)
_death_rate = K.variable(death_rate)
scale = K.ones_like(conv) - _death_rate
conv = Lambda(lambda c: K.in_test_phase(scale * c, c),
output_shape=output_shape)(conv)
out = merge([conv, x], mode="sum")
out = Activation("relu")(out)
gate = K.variable(1, dtype="uint8")
add_tables += [{"death_rate": _death_rate, "gate": gate}]
return Lambda(lambda tensors: K.switch(gate, tensors[0], tensors[1]),
output_shape=output_shape)([out, x])
for i in range(N):
net = residual_drop(net, input_shape=(16, 32, 32), output_shape=(16, 32, 32))
net = residual_drop(
net,
input_shape=(16, 32, 32),
output_shape=(32, 16, 16),
strides=(2, 2)
)
for i in range(N - 1):
net = residual_drop(
net,
input_shape=(32, 16, 16),
output_shape=(32, 16, 16)
)
net = residual_drop(
net,
input_shape=(32, 16, 16),
output_shape=(64, 8, 8),
strides=(2, 2)
)
for i in range(N - 1):
net = residual_drop(
net,
input_shape=(64, 8, 8),
output_shape=(64, 8, 8)
)
pool = AveragePooling2D((8, 8))(net)
flatten = Flatten()(pool)
predictions = Dense(10, activation="softmax", W_regularizer=l2(weight_decay))(flatten)
model = Model(input=inputs, output=predictions)
sgd = SGD(lr=0.1, momentum=0.9, nesterov=True)
model.compile(optimizer=sgd, loss="categorical_crossentropy")
def open_all_gates():
for t in add_tables:
K.set_value(t["gate"], 1)
# setup death rate
for i, tb in enumerate(add_tables, start=1):
if death_mode == "uniform":
K.set_value(tb["death_rate"], death_rate)
elif death_mode == "lin_decay":
K.set_value(tb["death_rate"], i / len(add_tables) * death_rate)
else:
raise
class GatesUpdate(Callback):
def on_batch_begin(self, batch, logs={}):
open_all_gates()
rands = np.random.uniform(size=len(add_tables))
for t, rand in zip(add_tables, rands):
if rand < K.get_value(t["death_rate"]):
K.set_value(t["gate"], 0)
def on_batch_end(self, batch, logs={}):
open_all_gates() # for validation
def schedule(epoch_idx):
if (epoch_idx + 1) < (nb_epoch * lr_schedule[0]):
return 0.1
elif (epoch_idx + 1) < (nb_epoch * lr_schedule[1]):
return 0.01
return 0.001
datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
featurewise_center=True,
samplewise_center=False,
featurewise_std_normalization=True,
samplewise_std_normalization=False,
zca_whitening=False,
rotation_range=0,
width_shift_range=0.,
height_shift_range=0.,
horizontal_flip=True,
vertical_flip=False)
datagen.fit(X_train)
test_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
featurewise_center=True,
samplewise_center=False,
featurewise_std_normalization=True,
samplewise_std_normalization=False,
zca_whitening=False,
rotation_range=0,
width_shift_range=0.,
height_shift_range=0.,
horizontal_flip=False,
vertical_flip=False)
test_datagen.fit(X_test)
# fit the model on the batches generated by datagen.flow()
model.fit_generator(datagen.flow(X_train, Y_train, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True),
samples_per_epoch=X_train.shape[0],
nb_epoch=nb_epoch,
validation_data=test_datagen.flow(X_test, Y_test, batch_size=batch_size),
nb_val_samples=X_test.shape[0],
callbacks=[GatesUpdate(), LearningRateScheduler(schedule)])
