Python numpy._NoValue() Examples

The following are 30 code examples for showing how to use numpy._NoValue(). These examples are extracted from open source projects. You can vote up the ones you like or vote down the ones you don't like, and go to the original project or source file by following the links above each example.

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Example 1
Project: tangent   Author: google   File: utils.py    License: Apache License 2.0 6 votes vote down vote up 
def unreduce_array(array, shape, axis, keepdims):
  """Reverse summing over a dimension, NumPy implementation.

  Args:
    array: The array that was reduced.
    shape: The original shape of the array before reduction.
    axis: The axis or axes that were summed.
    keepdims: Whether these axes were kept as singleton axes.

  Returns:
    An array with axes broadcast to match the shape of the original array.
  """
  # NumPy uses a special default value for keepdims, which is equivalent to
  # False.
  if axis is not None and (not keepdims or keepdims is numpy._NoValue):  # pylint: disable=protected-access
    if isinstance(axis, int):
      axis = axis,
    for ax in sorted(axis):
      array = numpy.expand_dims(array, ax)
  return numpy.broadcast_to(array, shape)


# The values are unary functions.
Example 2
Project: recruit   Author: Frank-qlu   File: test_reloading.py    License: Apache License 2.0 6 votes vote down vote up 
def test_numpy_reloading():
    # gh-7844. Also check that relevant globals retain their identity.
    import numpy as np
    import numpy._globals

    _NoValue = np._NoValue
    VisibleDeprecationWarning = np.VisibleDeprecationWarning
    ModuleDeprecationWarning = np.ModuleDeprecationWarning

    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)

    assert_raises(RuntimeError, reload, numpy._globals)
    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)
Example 3
Project: recruit   Author: Frank-qlu   File: nanfunctions.py    License: Apache License 2.0 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _nanquantile_unchecked(a, q, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=False,
                           interpolation='linear', keepdims=np._NoValue):
    """Assumes that q is in [0, 1], and is an ndarray"""
    # apply_along_axis in _nanpercentile doesn't handle empty arrays well,
    # so deal them upfront
    if a.size == 0:
        return np.nanmean(a, axis, out=out, keepdims=keepdims)

    r, k = function_base._ureduce(
        a, func=_nanquantile_ureduce_func, q=q, axis=axis, out=out,
        overwrite_input=overwrite_input, interpolation=interpolation
    )
    if keepdims and keepdims is not np._NoValue:
        return r.reshape(q.shape + k)
    else:
        return r
Example 4
Project: recruit   Author: Frank-qlu   File: fromnumeric.py    License: Apache License 2.0 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _wrapreduction(obj, ufunc, method, axis, dtype, out, **kwargs):
    passkwargs = {k: v for k, v in kwargs.items()
                  if v is not np._NoValue}

    if type(obj) is not mu.ndarray:
        try:
            reduction = getattr(obj, method)
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        else:
            # This branch is needed for reductions like any which don't
            # support a dtype.
            if dtype is not None:
                return reduction(axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, **passkwargs)
            else:
                return reduction(axis=axis, out=out, **passkwargs)

    return ufunc.reduce(obj, axis, dtype, out, **passkwargs)
Example 5
Project: lambda-packs   Author: ryfeus   File: nanfunctions.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _nanquantile_unchecked(a, q, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=False,
                           interpolation='linear', keepdims=np._NoValue):
    """Assumes that q is in [0, 1], and is an ndarray"""
    # apply_along_axis in _nanpercentile doesn't handle empty arrays well,
    # so deal them upfront
    if a.size == 0:
        return np.nanmean(a, axis, out=out, keepdims=keepdims)

    r, k = function_base._ureduce(
        a, func=_nanquantile_ureduce_func, q=q, axis=axis, out=out,
        overwrite_input=overwrite_input, interpolation=interpolation
    )
    if keepdims and keepdims is not np._NoValue:
        return r.reshape(q.shape + k)
    else:
        return r
Example 6
Project: lambda-packs   Author: ryfeus   File: fromnumeric.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _wrapreduction(obj, ufunc, method, axis, dtype, out, **kwargs):
    passkwargs = {}
    for k, v in kwargs.items():
        if v is not np._NoValue:
            passkwargs[k] = v

    if type(obj) is not mu.ndarray:
        try:
            reduction = getattr(obj, method)
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        else:
            # This branch is needed for reductions like any which don't
            # support a dtype.
            if dtype is not None:
                return reduction(axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, **passkwargs)
            else:
                return reduction(axis=axis, out=out, **passkwargs)

    return ufunc.reduce(obj, axis, dtype, out, **passkwargs)
Example 7
Project: lambda-packs   Author: ryfeus   File: test_reloading.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def test_numpy_reloading():
    # gh-7844. Also check that relevant globals retain their identity.
    import numpy as np
    import numpy._globals

    _NoValue = np._NoValue
    VisibleDeprecationWarning = np.VisibleDeprecationWarning
    ModuleDeprecationWarning = np.ModuleDeprecationWarning

    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)

    assert_raises(RuntimeError, reload, numpy._globals)
    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)
Example 8
Project: auto-alt-text-lambda-api   Author: abhisuri97   File: test_reloading.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def test_numpy_reloading():
    # gh-7844. Also check that relevant globals retain their identity.
    import numpy as np
    import numpy._globals

    _NoValue = np._NoValue
    VisibleDeprecationWarning = np.VisibleDeprecationWarning
    ModuleDeprecationWarning = np.ModuleDeprecationWarning

    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)

    assert_raises(RuntimeError, reload, numpy._globals)
    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)
Example 9
Project: auto-alt-text-lambda-api   Author: abhisuri97   File: fromnumeric.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def sometrue(a, axis=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue):
    """
    Check whether some values are true.

    Refer to `any` for full documentation.

    See Also
    --------
    any : equivalent function

    """
    arr = asanyarray(a)
    kwargs = {}
    if keepdims is not np._NoValue:
        kwargs['keepdims'] = keepdims
    return arr.any(axis=axis, out=out, **kwargs)
Example 10
Project: vnpy_crypto   Author: birforce   File: test_reloading.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def test_numpy_reloading():
    # gh-7844. Also check that relevant globals retain their identity.
    import numpy as np
    import numpy._globals

    _NoValue = np._NoValue
    VisibleDeprecationWarning = np.VisibleDeprecationWarning
    ModuleDeprecationWarning = np.ModuleDeprecationWarning

    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)

    assert_raises(RuntimeError, reload, numpy._globals)
    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)
Example 11
Project: vnpy_crypto   Author: birforce   File: fromnumeric.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def sometrue(a, axis=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue):
    """
    Check whether some values are true.

    Refer to `any` for full documentation.

    See Also
    --------
    any : equivalent function

    """
    arr = asanyarray(a)
    kwargs = {}
    if keepdims is not np._NoValue:
        kwargs['keepdims'] = keepdims
    return arr.any(axis=axis, out=out, **kwargs)
Example 12
Project: Mastering-Elasticsearch-7.0   Author: PacktPublishing   File: test_reloading.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def test_numpy_reloading():
    # gh-7844. Also check that relevant globals retain their identity.
    import numpy as np
    import numpy._globals

    _NoValue = np._NoValue
    VisibleDeprecationWarning = np.VisibleDeprecationWarning
    ModuleDeprecationWarning = np.ModuleDeprecationWarning

    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)

    assert_raises(RuntimeError, reload, numpy._globals)
    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)
Example 13
Project: Mastering-Elasticsearch-7.0   Author: PacktPublishing   File: nanfunctions.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _nanquantile_unchecked(a, q, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=False,
                           interpolation='linear', keepdims=np._NoValue):
    """Assumes that q is in [0, 1], and is an ndarray"""
    # apply_along_axis in _nanpercentile doesn't handle empty arrays well,
    # so deal them upfront
    if a.size == 0:
        return np.nanmean(a, axis, out=out, keepdims=keepdims)

    r, k = function_base._ureduce(
        a, func=_nanquantile_ureduce_func, q=q, axis=axis, out=out,
        overwrite_input=overwrite_input, interpolation=interpolation
    )
    if keepdims and keepdims is not np._NoValue:
        return r.reshape(q.shape + k)
    else:
        return r
Example 14
Project: Mastering-Elasticsearch-7.0   Author: PacktPublishing   File: fromnumeric.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _wrapreduction(obj, ufunc, method, axis, dtype, out, **kwargs):
    passkwargs = {k: v for k, v in kwargs.items()
                  if v is not np._NoValue}

    if type(obj) is not mu.ndarray:
        try:
            reduction = getattr(obj, method)
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        else:
            # This branch is needed for reductions like any which don't
            # support a dtype.
            if dtype is not None:
                return reduction(axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, **passkwargs)
            else:
                return reduction(axis=axis, out=out, **passkwargs)

    return ufunc.reduce(obj, axis, dtype, out, **passkwargs)
Example 15
Project: GraphicDesignPatternByPython   Author: Relph1119   File: test_reloading.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def test_numpy_reloading():
    # gh-7844. Also check that relevant globals retain their identity.
    import numpy as np
    import numpy._globals

    _NoValue = np._NoValue
    VisibleDeprecationWarning = np.VisibleDeprecationWarning
    ModuleDeprecationWarning = np.ModuleDeprecationWarning

    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)

    assert_raises(RuntimeError, reload, numpy._globals)
    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)
Example 16
Project: GraphicDesignPatternByPython   Author: Relph1119   File: nanfunctions.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _nanquantile_unchecked(a, q, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=False,
                           interpolation='linear', keepdims=np._NoValue):
    """Assumes that q is in [0, 1], and is an ndarray"""
    # apply_along_axis in _nanpercentile doesn't handle empty arrays well,
    # so deal them upfront
    if a.size == 0:
        return np.nanmean(a, axis, out=out, keepdims=keepdims)

    r, k = function_base._ureduce(
        a, func=_nanquantile_ureduce_func, q=q, axis=axis, out=out,
        overwrite_input=overwrite_input, interpolation=interpolation
    )
    if keepdims and keepdims is not np._NoValue:
        return r.reshape(q.shape + k)
    else:
        return r
Example 17
Project: GraphicDesignPatternByPython   Author: Relph1119   File: fromnumeric.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _wrapreduction(obj, ufunc, method, axis, dtype, out, **kwargs):
    passkwargs = {}
    for k, v in kwargs.items():
        if v is not np._NoValue:
            passkwargs[k] = v

    if type(obj) is not mu.ndarray:
        try:
            reduction = getattr(obj, method)
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        else:
            # This branch is needed for reductions like any which don't
            # support a dtype.
            if dtype is not None:
                return reduction(axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, **passkwargs)
            else:
                return reduction(axis=axis, out=out, **passkwargs)

    return ufunc.reduce(obj, axis, dtype, out, **passkwargs)
Example 18
Project: predictive-maintenance-using-machine-learning   Author: awslabs   File: test_reloading.py    License: Apache License 2.0 6 votes vote down vote up 
def test_numpy_reloading():
    # gh-7844. Also check that relevant globals retain their identity.
    import numpy as np
    import numpy._globals

    _NoValue = np._NoValue
    VisibleDeprecationWarning = np.VisibleDeprecationWarning
    ModuleDeprecationWarning = np.ModuleDeprecationWarning

    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)

    assert_raises(RuntimeError, reload, numpy._globals)
    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)
Example 19
Project: predictive-maintenance-using-machine-learning   Author: awslabs   File: nanfunctions.py    License: Apache License 2.0 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _nanquantile_unchecked(a, q, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=False,
                           interpolation='linear', keepdims=np._NoValue):
    """Assumes that q is in [0, 1], and is an ndarray"""
    # apply_along_axis in _nanpercentile doesn't handle empty arrays well,
    # so deal them upfront
    if a.size == 0:
        return np.nanmean(a, axis, out=out, keepdims=keepdims)

    r, k = function_base._ureduce(
        a, func=_nanquantile_ureduce_func, q=q, axis=axis, out=out,
        overwrite_input=overwrite_input, interpolation=interpolation
    )
    if keepdims and keepdims is not np._NoValue:
        return r.reshape(q.shape + k)
    else:
        return r
Example 20
Project: predictive-maintenance-using-machine-learning   Author: awslabs   File: fromnumeric.py    License: Apache License 2.0 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _wrapreduction(obj, ufunc, method, axis, dtype, out, **kwargs):
    passkwargs = {k: v for k, v in kwargs.items()
                  if v is not np._NoValue}

    if type(obj) is not mu.ndarray:
        try:
            reduction = getattr(obj, method)
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        else:
            # This branch is needed for reductions like any which don't
            # support a dtype.
            if dtype is not None:
                return reduction(axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, **passkwargs)
            else:
                return reduction(axis=axis, out=out, **passkwargs)

    return ufunc.reduce(obj, axis, dtype, out, **passkwargs)
Example 21
Project: pySINDy   Author: luckystarufo   File: test_reloading.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def test_numpy_reloading():
    # gh-7844. Also check that relevant globals retain their identity.
    import numpy as np
    import numpy._globals

    _NoValue = np._NoValue
    VisibleDeprecationWarning = np.VisibleDeprecationWarning
    ModuleDeprecationWarning = np.ModuleDeprecationWarning

    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)

    assert_raises(RuntimeError, reload, numpy._globals)
    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)
Example 22
Project: pySINDy   Author: luckystarufo   File: nanfunctions.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _nanquantile_unchecked(a, q, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=False,
                           interpolation='linear', keepdims=np._NoValue):
    """Assumes that q is in [0, 1], and is an ndarray"""
    # apply_along_axis in _nanpercentile doesn't handle empty arrays well,
    # so deal them upfront
    if a.size == 0:
        return np.nanmean(a, axis, out=out, keepdims=keepdims)

    r, k = function_base._ureduce(
        a, func=_nanquantile_ureduce_func, q=q, axis=axis, out=out,
        overwrite_input=overwrite_input, interpolation=interpolation
    )
    if keepdims and keepdims is not np._NoValue:
        return r.reshape(q.shape + k)
    else:
        return r
Example 23
Project: pySINDy   Author: luckystarufo   File: fromnumeric.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _wrapreduction(obj, ufunc, method, axis, dtype, out, **kwargs):
    passkwargs = {}
    for k, v in kwargs.items():
        if v is not np._NoValue:
            passkwargs[k] = v

    if type(obj) is not mu.ndarray:
        try:
            reduction = getattr(obj, method)
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        else:
            # This branch is needed for reductions like any which don't
            # support a dtype.
            if dtype is not None:
                return reduction(axis=axis, dtype=dtype, out=out, **passkwargs)
            else:
                return reduction(axis=axis, out=out, **passkwargs)

    return ufunc.reduce(obj, axis, dtype, out, **passkwargs)
Example 24
Project: mxnet-lambda   Author: awslabs   File: test_reloading.py    License: Apache License 2.0 6 votes vote down vote up 
def test_numpy_reloading():
    # gh-7844. Also check that relevant globals retain their identity.
    import numpy as np
    import numpy._globals

    _NoValue = np._NoValue
    VisibleDeprecationWarning = np.VisibleDeprecationWarning
    ModuleDeprecationWarning = np.ModuleDeprecationWarning

    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)

    assert_raises(RuntimeError, reload, numpy._globals)
    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)
Example 25
Project: mxnet-lambda   Author: awslabs   File: fromnumeric.py    License: Apache License 2.0 6 votes vote down vote up 
def sometrue(a, axis=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue):
    """
    Check whether some values are true.

    Refer to `any` for full documentation.

    See Also
    --------
    any : equivalent function

    """
    arr = asanyarray(a)
    kwargs = {}
    if keepdims is not np._NoValue:
        kwargs['keepdims'] = keepdims
    return arr.any(axis=axis, out=out, **kwargs)
Example 26
Project: Splunking-Crime   Author: nccgroup   File: fromnumeric.py    License: GNU Affero General Public License v3.0 6 votes vote down vote up 
def sometrue(a, axis=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue):
    """
    Check whether some values are true.

    Refer to `any` for full documentation.

    See Also
    --------
    any : equivalent function

    """
    arr = asanyarray(a)
    kwargs = {}
    if keepdims is not np._NoValue:
        kwargs['keepdims'] = keepdims
    return arr.any(axis=axis, out=out, **kwargs)
Example 27
Project: elasticintel   Author: securityclippy   File: test_reloading.py    License: GNU General Public License v3.0 6 votes vote down vote up 
def test_numpy_reloading():
    # gh-7844. Also check that relevant globals retain their identity.
    import numpy as np
    import numpy._globals

    _NoValue = np._NoValue
    VisibleDeprecationWarning = np.VisibleDeprecationWarning
    ModuleDeprecationWarning = np.ModuleDeprecationWarning

    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)

    assert_raises(RuntimeError, reload, numpy._globals)
    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)
Example 28
Project: elasticintel   Author: securityclippy   File: fromnumeric.py    License: GNU General Public License v3.0 6 votes vote down vote up 
def sometrue(a, axis=None, out=None, keepdims=np._NoValue):
    """
    Check whether some values are true.

    Refer to `any` for full documentation.

    See Also
    --------
    any : equivalent function

    """
    arr = asanyarray(a)
    kwargs = {}
    if keepdims is not np._NoValue:
        kwargs['keepdims'] = keepdims
    return arr.any(axis=axis, out=out, **kwargs)
Example 29
Project: coffeegrindsize   Author: jgagneastro   File: test_reloading.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def test_numpy_reloading():
    # gh-7844. Also check that relevant globals retain their identity.
    import numpy as np
    import numpy._globals

    _NoValue = np._NoValue
    VisibleDeprecationWarning = np.VisibleDeprecationWarning
    ModuleDeprecationWarning = np.ModuleDeprecationWarning

    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)

    assert_raises(RuntimeError, reload, numpy._globals)
    reload(np)
    assert_(_NoValue is np._NoValue)
    assert_(ModuleDeprecationWarning is np.ModuleDeprecationWarning)
    assert_(VisibleDeprecationWarning is np.VisibleDeprecationWarning)
Example 30
Project: coffeegrindsize   Author: jgagneastro   File: nanfunctions.py    License: MIT License 6 votes vote down vote up 
def _nanquantile_unchecked(a, q, axis=None, out=None, overwrite_input=False,
                           interpolation='linear', keepdims=np._NoValue):
    """Assumes that q is in [0, 1], and is an ndarray"""
    # apply_along_axis in _nanpercentile doesn't handle empty arrays well,
    # so deal them upfront
    if a.size == 0:
        return np.nanmean(a, axis, out=out, keepdims=keepdims)

    r, k = function_base._ureduce(
        a, func=_nanquantile_ureduce_func, q=q, axis=axis, out=out,
        overwrite_input=overwrite_input, interpolation=interpolation
    )
    if keepdims and keepdims is not np._NoValue:
        return r.reshape(q.shape + k)
    else:
        return r