Python tkinter._default_root() Examples

def __init__(self, master=None, title=None, buttons=OK_BUTTON,
            default=OK_BUTTON):
        master = master or tk._default_root
        super().__init__(master)
        self.withdraw() # hide until ready to show
        if title is not None:
            self.title(title)
        self.buttons = buttons
        self.default = default
        self.acceptButton = None
        self.__create_ui()
        self.__position()
        self.ok = None
        self.deiconify() # show
        if self.grid() is None: # A saner minsize than 1x1
            self.minsize(80, 40)
        else:
            self.minsize(10, 5)
        if self.winfo_viewable():
            self.transient(master)
        self.initialize()
        self.initialFocusWidget.focus() # give focus to first widget
        self.wait_visibility()
        self.grab_set()
        self.wait_window(self) 

def _show(image, title):
    """Helper for the Image.show method."""

    class UI(tkinter.Label):
        def __init__(self, master, im):
            if im.mode == "1":
                self.image = BitmapImage(im, foreground="white", master=master)
            else:
                self.image = PhotoImage(im, master=master)
            tkinter.Label.__init__(self, master, image=self.image,
                                   bg="black", bd=0)

    if not tkinter._default_root:
        raise IOError("tkinter not initialized")
    top = tkinter.Toplevel()
    if title:
        top.title(title)
    UI(top, image).pack() 

def _show(image, title):
    """Helper for the Image.show method."""

    class UI(tkinter.Label):
        def __init__(self, master, im):
            if im.mode == "1":
                self.image = BitmapImage(im, foreground="white", master=master)
            else:
                self.image = PhotoImage(im, master=master)
            tkinter.Label.__init__(self, master, image=self.image,
                                   bg="black", bd=0)

    if not tkinter._default_root:
        raise IOError("tkinter not initialized")
    top = tkinter.Toplevel()
    if title:
        top.title(title)
    UI(top, image).pack() 

def _show(image, title):
    """Helper for the Image.show method."""

    class UI(tkinter.Label):
        def __init__(self, master, im):
            if im.mode == "1":
                self.image = BitmapImage(im, foreground="white", master=master)
            else:
                self.image = PhotoImage(im, master=master)
            super().__init__(master, image=self.image, bg="black", bd=0)

    if not tkinter._default_root:
        raise OSError("tkinter not initialized")
    top = tkinter.Toplevel()
    if title:
        top.title(title)
    UI(top, image).pack() 

def begin(self):
        self.text.mark_set("iomark", "insert")
        self.resetoutput()
        if use_subprocess:
            nosub = ''
            client = self.interp.start_subprocess()
            if not client:
                self.close()
                return False
        else:
            nosub = ("==== No Subprocess ====\n\n" +
                    "WARNING: Running IDLE without a Subprocess is deprecated\n" +
                    "and will be removed in a later version. See Help/IDLE Help\n" +
                    "for details.\n\n")
            sys.displayhook = rpc.displayhook

        self.write("Python %s on %s\n%s\n%s" %
                   (sys.version, sys.platform, self.COPYRIGHT, nosub))
        self.text.focus_force()
        self.showprompt()
        import tkinter
        tkinter._default_root = None # 03Jan04 KBK What's this?
        return True 

def begin(self):
        self.text.mark_set("iomark", "insert")
        self.resetoutput()
        if use_subprocess:
            nosub = ''
            client = self.interp.start_subprocess()
            if not client:
                self.close()
                return False
        else:
            nosub = ("==== No Subprocess ====\n\n" +
                    "WARNING: Running IDLE without a Subprocess is deprecated\n" +
                    "and will be removed in a later version. See Help/IDLE Help\n" +
                    "for details.\n\n")
            sys.displayhook = rpc.displayhook

        self.write("Python %s on %s\n%s\n%s" %
                   (sys.version, sys.platform, self.COPYRIGHT, nosub))
        self.text.focus_force()
        self.showprompt()
        import tkinter
        tkinter._default_root = None # 03Jan04 KBK What's this?
        return True 

def begin(self):
        self.text.mark_set("iomark", "insert")
        self.resetoutput()
        if use_subprocess:
            nosub = ''
            client = self.interp.start_subprocess()
            if not client:
                self.close()
                return False
        else:
            nosub = ("==== No Subprocess ====\n\n" +
                    "WARNING: Running IDLE without a Subprocess is deprecated\n" +
                    "and will be removed in a later version. See Help/IDLE Help\n" +
                    "for details.\n\n")
            sys.displayhook = rpc.displayhook

        self.write("Python %s on %s\n%s\n%s" %
                   (sys.version, sys.platform, self.COPYRIGHT, nosub))
        self.text.focus_force()
        self.showprompt()
        import tkinter
        tkinter._default_root = None # 03Jan04 KBK What's this?
        return True 

def _show(image, title):
    """Helper for the Image.show method."""

    class UI(tkinter.Label):
        def __init__(self, master, im):
            if im.mode == "1":
                self.image = BitmapImage(im, foreground="white", master=master)
            else:
                self.image = PhotoImage(im, master=master)
            tkinter.Label.__init__(self, master, image=self.image,
                                   bg="black", bd=0)

    if not tkinter._default_root:
        raise IOError("tkinter not initialized")
    top = tkinter.Toplevel()
    if title:
        top.title(title)
    UI(top, image).pack() 

def _do_until_timeout(self, queue, args):
        rect, color, seconds = args
        if tk._default_root is None:
            Debug.log(3, "Creating new temporary Tkinter root")
            temporary_root = True
            root = tk.Tk()
            root.withdraw()
        else:
            Debug.log(3, "Borrowing existing Tkinter root")
            temporary_root = False
            root = tk._default_root
        image_to_show = self.getBitmapFromRect(*rect)
        app = highlightWindow(root, rect, color, image_to_show, queue)
        app.do_until_timeout(seconds)

    ## Process functions 

def _show(image, title):
    """Helper for the Image.show method."""

    class UI(tkinter.Label):
        def __init__(self, master, im):
            if im.mode == "1":
                self.image = BitmapImage(im, foreground="white", master=master)
            else:
                self.image = PhotoImage(im, master=master)
            super().__init__(master, image=self.image, bg="black", bd=0)

    if not tkinter._default_root:
        raise OSError("tkinter not initialized")
    top = tkinter.Toplevel()
    if title:
        top.title(title)
    UI(top, image).pack() 

def _show(image, title):
    """Helper for the Image.show method."""

    class UI(tkinter.Label):
        def __init__(self, master, im):
            if im.mode == "1":
                self.image = BitmapImage(im, foreground="white", master=master)
            else:
                self.image = PhotoImage(im, master=master)
            super().__init__(master, image=self.image, bg="black", bd=0)

    if not tkinter._default_root:
        raise OSError("tkinter not initialized")
    top = tkinter.Toplevel()
    if title:
        top.title(title)
    UI(top, image).pack() 

def _show(image, title):
    """Helper for the Image.show method."""

    class UI(tkinter.Label):
        def __init__(self, master, im):
            if im.mode == "1":
                self.image = BitmapImage(im, foreground="white", master=master)
            else:
                self.image = PhotoImage(im, master=master)
            tkinter.Label.__init__(self, master, image=self.image,
                                   bg="black", bd=0)

    if not tkinter._default_root:
        raise IOError("tkinter not initialized")
    top = tkinter.Toplevel()
    if title:
        top.title(title)
    UI(top, image).pack() 

def __init__(self, title, text_content, parent=None):
        if parent is None:
            parent = tk._default_root

        super().__init__(master=parent)
        self.title(title)

        main_frame = ttk.Frame(self)
        main_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
        self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)

        default_font = tk.font.nametofont("TkDefaultFont")
        self._text = tktextext.TextFrame(
            main_frame,
            read_only=True,
            wrap="none",
            font=default_font,
            width=80,
            height=10,
            relief="sunken",
            borderwidth=1,
        )
        self._text.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky="nsew", padx=20, pady=20)
        self._text.text.direct_insert("1.0", text_content)
        self._text.text.see("1.0")

        copy_button = ttk.Button(
            main_frame, command=self._copy, text=_("Copy to clipboard"), width=20
        )
        copy_button.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky="w", padx=20, pady=(0, 20))

        close_button = ttk.Button(main_frame, command=self._close, text=_("Close"))
        close_button.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky="w", padx=20, pady=(0, 20))

        main_frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        main_frame.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)

        self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self._close)
        self.bind("<Escape>", self._close, True) 

def image_create(self, imgtype, cnf={}, master=None, **kw):
        if not master:
            master = tkinter._default_root
            if not master:
                raise RuntimeError('Too early to create image')
        if kw and cnf: cnf = _cnfmerge((cnf, kw))
        elif kw: cnf = kw
        options = ()
        for k, v in cnf.items():
            if callable(v):
                v = self._register(v)
            options = options + ('-'+k, v)
        return master.tk.call(('image', 'create', imgtype,) + options) 

def __init__(self, itemtype, cnf={}, **kw):
        if 'refwindow' in kw:
            master = kw['refwindow']
        elif 'refwindow' in cnf:
            master = cnf['refwindow']
        else:
            master = tkinter._default_root
            if not master:
                raise RuntimeError("Too early to create display style: "
                                   "no root window")
        self.tk = master.tk
        self.stylename = self.tk.call('tixDisplayStyle', itemtype,
                            *self._options(cnf,kw) ) 

def __init__(self, root=None, font=None, name=None, exists=False,
                 **options):
        if not root:
            root = tkinter._default_root
        tk = getattr(root, 'tk', root)
        if font:
            # get actual settings corresponding to the given font
            font = tk.splitlist(tk.call("font", "actual", font))
        else:
            font = self._set(options)
        if not name:
            name = "font" + str(next(self.counter))
        self.name = name

        if exists:
            self.delete_font = False
            # confirm font exists
            if self.name not in tk.splitlist(tk.call("font", "names")):
                raise tkinter._tkinter.TclError(
                    "named font %s does not already exist" % (self.name,))
            # if font config info supplied, apply it
            if font:
                tk.call("font", "configure", self.name, *font)
        else:
            # create new font (raises TclError if the font exists)
            tk.call("font", "create", self.name, *font)
            self.delete_font = True
        self._tk = tk
        self._split = tk.splitlist
        self._call  = tk.call 

def families(root=None, displayof=None):
    "Get font families (as a tuple)"
    if not root:
        root = tkinter._default_root
    args = ()
    if displayof:
        args = ('-displayof', displayof)
    return root.tk.splitlist(root.tk.call("font", "families", *args)) 

def tearDownClass(cls):
        cls.root.update_idletasks()
        cls.root.destroy()
        del cls.root
        tkinter._default_root = None
        tkinter._support_default_root = cls._old_support_default_root 

def destroy_default_root():
    if getattr(tkinter, '_default_root', None):
        tkinter._default_root.update_idletasks()
        tkinter._default_root.destroy()
        tkinter._default_root = None 

def test_initialization_no_master(self):
        # no master passing
        with swap_attr(tkinter, '_default_root', None), \
             swap_attr(tkinter, '_support_default_root', True):
            try:
                x = ttk.LabeledScale()
                self.assertIsNotNone(tkinter._default_root)
                self.assertEqual(x.master, tkinter._default_root)
                self.assertEqual(x.tk, tkinter._default_root.tk)
                x.destroy()
            finally:
                destroy_default_root() 

def setup_master(master=None):
    """If master is not None, itself is returned. If master is None,
    the default master is returned if there is one, otherwise a new
    master is created and returned.

    If it is not allowed to use the default root and master is None,
    RuntimeError is raised."""
    if master is None:
        if tkinter._support_default_root:
            master = tkinter._default_root or tkinter.Tk()
        else:
            raise RuntimeError(
                    "No master specified and tkinter is "
                    "configured to not support default root")
    return master 

def get_tk_version_str():
    return tk._default_root.tk.call("info", "patchlevel") 

def show_dialog(dlg, master=None, geometry=True, min_left=0, min_top=0):
    if getattr(dlg, "closed", False):
        return

    if master is None:
        master = tk._default_root

    get_workbench().event_generate("WindowFocusOut")
    # following order seems to give most smooth appearance
    focused_widget = master.focus_get()
    dlg.transient(master.winfo_toplevel())

    if geometry:
        # dlg.withdraw() # unfortunately inhibits size calculations in assign_geometry
        if isinstance(geometry, str):
            dlg.geometry(geometry)
        else:
            assign_geometry(dlg, master, min_left, min_top)
        # dlg.wm_deiconify()

    try:
        dlg.grab_set()
    except:
        pass

    dlg.lift()
    dlg.focus_set()

    master.winfo_toplevel().wait_window(dlg)
    dlg.grab_release()
    master.winfo_toplevel().lift()
    master.winfo_toplevel().focus_force()
    master.winfo_toplevel().grab_set()
    if running_on_mac_os():
        master.winfo_toplevel().grab_release()

    if focused_widget is not None:
        try:
            focused_widget.focus_force()
        except TclError:
            pass 

def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw):

        if "replace_tabs" not in kw:
            kw["replace_tabs"] = False

        super().__init__(
            master=master,
            tag_current_line=get_workbench().get_option("view.highlight_current_line"),
            cnf=cnf,
            **kw
        )
        # Allow binding to events of all CodeView texts
        self.bindtags(self.bindtags() + ("CodeViewText",))
        tktextext.fixwordbreaks(tk._default_root) 

def find_volume_by_name(
    volume_name: str, not_found_msg: Optional[str] = None, found_several_msg: Optional[str] = None
) -> Optional[str]:

    # Can't translate in the header as _ may not be available at import time
    if not_found_msg is None:
        not_found_msg = _("Could not find disk '%s'. Do you want to locate it yourself?")

    if found_several_msg is None:
        found_several_msg = _("Found several '%s' disks. Do you want to choose one yourself?")

    volumes = find_volumes_by_name(volume_name)
    if len(volumes) == 1:
        return volumes[0]
    else:
        if len(volumes) == 0:
            msg = not_found_msg % volume_name
        else:
            msg = found_several_msg % volume_name

        from tkinter.messagebox import askyesno
        from thonny.ui_utils import askdirectory

        import tkinter as tk

        if askyesno(_("Can't find suitable disk"), msg):
            path = askdirectory(master=tk._default_root)
            if path:
                return path

    return None 

def report_exception(self, title: str = "Internal error") -> None:
        logging.exception(title)
        if tk._default_root and not self._closing:  # type: ignore
            (typ, value, _) = sys.exc_info()
            assert typ is not None
            if issubclass(typ, UserError):
                msg = str(value)
            else:
                msg = traceback.format_exc()

            dlg = ui_utils.LongTextDialog(title, msg, parent=self)
            ui_utils.show_dialog(dlg, self) 

def highlight(self, rect, color="red", seconds=None):
        """ Simulates a transparent rectangle over the specified ``rect`` on the screen.

        Actually takes a screenshot of the region and displays with a
        rectangle border in a borderless window (due to Tkinter limitations)

        If a Tkinter root window has already been created somewhere else,
        uses that instead of creating a new one.
        """
        if tk._default_root is None:
            Debug.log(3, "Creating new temporary Tkinter root")
            temporary_root = True
            root = tk.Tk()
            root.withdraw()
        else:
            Debug.log(3, "Borrowing existing Tkinter root")
            temporary_root = False
            root = tk._default_root
        image_to_show = self.getBitmapFromRect(*rect)
        app = highlightWindow(root, rect, color, image_to_show)
        if seconds == 0:
            t = threading.Thread(target=app.do_until_timeout)
            t.start()
            return app
        app.do_until_timeout(seconds)
        

    ## Process functions 

def initialize(self, bars, maximum):
        assert bars > 0 and maximum > 0
        if tk._default_root is None:
            self.gui = tk.Tk()
            self.inGui = False
        else:
            self.gui = tk._default_root
            self.inGui = True
        self.index = 0
        self.width = bars * (self.barWidth + self.barGap)
        self.height = maximum * self.stepHeight
        self.image = tk.PhotoImage(width=self.width, height=self.height)
        self.image.put("white", (0, 0, self.width, self.height)) 

def test_initialization_no_master(self):
        # no master passing
        with swap_attr(tkinter, '_default_root', None), \
             swap_attr(tkinter, '_support_default_root', True):
            try:
                x = ttk.LabeledScale()
                self.assertIsNotNone(tkinter._default_root)
                self.assertEqual(x.master, tkinter._default_root)
                self.assertEqual(x.tk, tkinter._default_root.tk)
                x.destroy()
            finally:
                destroy_default_root() 

def setup_master(master=None):
    """If master is not None, itself is returned. If master is None,
    the default master is returned if there is one, otherwise a new
    master is created and returned.

    If it is not allowed to use the default root and master is None,
    RuntimeError is raised."""
    if master is None:
        if tkinter._support_default_root:
            master = tkinter._default_root or tkinter.Tk()
        else:
            raise RuntimeError(
                    "No master specified and tkinter is "
                    "configured to not support default root")
    return master