Python ctypes.wintypes.LPCWSTR Examples

def Put(self, name, val, flavor):
        prototype = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT,
                                       wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                       ctypes.POINTER(winapi.VARIANT),
                                       ctypes.c_long)

        paramflags = ((_In_, 'wszName'),
                      (_In_, 'pVal'),
                      (_In_, 'lFlavor'),
                      )

        _Put = prototype(IWbemQualifierSet_Put_Idx,
                         'Put',
                         paramflags)
        _Put.errcheck = winapi.RAISE_NON_ZERO_ERR
        _Put(self.this,
             name,
             ctypes.byref(val) if val else None,
             flavor
             ) 

def get_short_path_name(path):
    from ctypes import windll, wintypes, create_unicode_buffer

    # Set the GetShortPathNameW prototype
    _GetShortPathNameW = windll.kernel32.GetShortPathNameW
    _GetShortPathNameW.argtypes = [wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                   wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                   wintypes.DWORD]
    _GetShortPathNameW.restype = wintypes.DWORD

    output_buf_size = 0

    while True:
        output_buf = create_unicode_buffer(output_buf_size)
        needed = _GetShortPathNameW(path, output_buf, output_buf_size)
        if output_buf_size >= needed:
            return output_buf.value
        output_buf_size = needed


# A wrapper for subprocess.Popen that fixes quirks on Windows. 

def send2trash(path):
    if not isinstance(path, text_type):
        path = text_type(path, 'mbcs')
    if not op.isabs(path):
        path = op.abspath(path)
    fileop = SHFILEOPSTRUCTW()
    fileop.hwnd = 0
    fileop.wFunc = FO_DELETE
    fileop.pFrom = LPCWSTR(path + '\0')
    fileop.pTo = None
    fileop.fFlags = FOF_ALLOWUNDO | FOF_NOCONFIRMATION | FOF_NOERRORUI | FOF_SILENT
    fileop.fAnyOperationsAborted = 0
    fileop.hNameMappings = 0
    fileop.lpszProgressTitle = None
    result = SHFileOperationW(byref(fileop))
    if result:
        msg = "Couldn't perform operation. Error code: %d" % result
        raise OSError(msg) 

def arg_split(commandline, posix=False, strict=True):
        """Split a command line's arguments in a shell-like manner.

        This is a special version for windows that use a ctypes call to CommandLineToArgvW
        to do the argv splitting. The posix paramter is ignored.
        
        If strict=False, process_common.arg_split(...strict=False) is used instead.
        """
        #CommandLineToArgvW returns path to executable if called with empty string.
        if commandline.strip() == "":
            return []
        if not strict:
            # not really a cl-arg, fallback on _process_common
            return py_arg_split(commandline, posix=posix, strict=strict)
        argvn = c_int()
        result_pointer = CommandLineToArgvW(py3compat.cast_unicode(commandline.lstrip()), ctypes.byref(argvn))
        result_array_type = LPCWSTR * argvn.value
        result = [arg for arg in result_array_type.from_address(ctypes.addressof(result_pointer.contents))]
        retval = LocalFree(result_pointer)
        return result 

def Get(self, name, flags):
        prototype = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT,
                                       wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_long,
                                       ctypes.POINTER(winapi.VARIANT),
                                       ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_long))

        paramflags = ((_In_, 'wszName'),
                      (_In_, 'lFlags'),
                      (_Out_, 'pVal'),
                      (_Out_, 'plFlavor'),
                      )

        _Get = prototype(IWbemQualifierSet_Get_Idx,
                         'Get',
                         paramflags)
        _Get.errcheck = winapi.RAISE_NON_ZERO_ERR
        return_obj, return_obj2 = _Get(self.this,
                                       name,
                                       flags
                                       )
        return return_obj, return_obj2 

def WlanDeleteProfile(hClientHandle, pInterfaceGuid, profileName):
    """
    DWORD WINAPI WlanDeleteProfile(
        _In_             HANDLE  hClientHandle,
        _In_       const GUID    *pInterfaceGuid,
        _In_             LPCWSTR strProfileName,
        _Reserved_       PVOID   pReserved
    );
    """
    func_ref = wlanapi.WlanDeleteProfile
    func_ref.argtypes = [HANDLE,
                         POINTER(GUID),
                         LPCWSTR,
                         c_void_p]
    func_ref.restype = DWORD
    result = func_ref(hClientHandle,
                      byref(pInterfaceGuid),
                      profileName,
                      None)
    if result != ERROR_SUCCESS:
        raise Exception("WlanDeleteProfile failed. error %d" % result, result)
    return result 

def GetValue(self, name, flags):
        prototype = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT,
                                       wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_long,
                                       ctypes.POINTER(winapi.VARIANT))

        paramflags = ((_In_, 'wszName'),
                      (_In_, 'lFlags'),
                      (_Out_, 'pValue'),
                      )

        _GetValue = prototype(IWbemContext_GetValue_Idx,
                              'GetValue',
                              paramflags)
        _GetValue.errcheck = winapi.RAISE_NON_ZERO_ERR
        return_obj = _GetValue(self.this,
                               name,
                               flags
                               )
        return return_obj 

def SetValue(self, name, flags, value):
        prototype = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT,
                                       wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_long,
                                       ctypes.POINTER(winapi.VARIANT))

        paramflags = ((_In_, 'wszName'),
                      (_In_, 'lFlags'),
                      (_In_, 'pValue'),
                      )

        _SetValue = prototype(IWbemContext_SetValue_Idx,
                              'SetValue',
                              paramflags)
        _SetValue.errcheck = winapi.RAISE_NON_ZERO_ERR
        _SetValue(self.this,
                  name,
                  flags,
                  ctypes.byref(value) if value else None
                  ) 

def GetMethodOrigin(self, method_name):
        prototype = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT,
                                       wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                       ctypes.POINTER(BSTR))

        paramflags = ((_In_, 'wszMethodName'),
                      (_Out_, 'pstrClassName'),
                      )

        _GetMethodOrigin = prototype(IWbemClassObject_GetMethodOrigin_Idx,
                                     'GetMethodOrigin',
                                     paramflags)
        _GetMethodOrigin.errcheck = winapi.RAISE_NON_ZERO_ERR
        return_obj = _GetMethodOrigin(self.this,
                                      method_name
                                      )
        return_obj = winapi.convert_bstr_to_str(return_obj)
        return return_obj 

def GetMethodQualifierSet(self, method):
        prototype = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT,
                                       wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                       ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.LPVOID))

        paramflags = ((_In_, 'wszMethod'),
                      (_Out_, 'ppQualSet'),
                      )

        _GetMethodQualifierSet = prototype(IWbemClassObject_GetMethodQualifierSet_Idx,
                                           'GetMethodQualifierSet',
                                           paramflags)
        _GetMethodQualifierSet.errcheck = winapi.RAISE_NON_ZERO_ERR
        return_obj = _GetMethodQualifierSet(self.this,
                                            method
                                            )
        try:
            return_obj = IWbemQualifierSet(return_obj)
        except WindowsError:
            return_obj = None
        return return_obj 

def check_aslr():
    # first check for a potentially rebased user32.dll
    from ctypes import windll
    from ctypes import wintypes
    check_dlls = ["user32.dll", "kernel32.dll", "ntdll.dll"]
    offsets = []
    is_aslr = False
    windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleW.restype = wintypes.HMODULE
    windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleW.argtypes = [wintypes.LPCWSTR]
    windll.kernel32.GetModuleFileNameW.restype = wintypes.DWORD
    windll.kernel32.GetModuleFileNameW.argtypes = [wintypes.HANDLE, wintypes.LPWSTR, wintypes.DWORD]
    for dll_name in check_dlls:
        h_module_base = windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleW(dll_name)
        # next get the module's file path
        module_path = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(255)
        windll.kernel32.GetModuleFileNameW(h_module_base, module_path, 255)
        # then the ImageBase from python.exe file
        pe = pefile.PE(module_path.value)
        pe_header_base_addr = pe.OPTIONAL_HEADER.ImageBase
        offsets.append(pe_header_base_addr - h_module_base)
    for dll_name, offset in zip(check_dlls, offsets):
        LOG.debug("Memory vs. File ImageBase offset (%s): 0x%x", dll_name, offset)
        is_aslr |= offset != 0
    return is_aslr 

def GetPropertyOrigin(self, name):
        prototype = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT,
                                       wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                       ctypes.POINTER(BSTR))

        paramflags = ((_In_, 'wszName'),
                      (_Out_, 'pstrClassName'),
                      )

        _GetPropertyOrigin = prototype(IWbemClassObject_GetPropertyOrigin_Idx,
                                       'GetPropertyOrigin',
                                       paramflags)
        _GetPropertyOrigin.errcheck = winapi.RAISE_NON_ZERO_ERR
        return_obj = _GetPropertyOrigin(self.this,
                                        name
                                        )
        return_obj = winapi.convert_bstr_to_str(return_obj)
        return return_obj 

def GetPropertyQualifierSet(self, property_param):
        prototype = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT,
                                       wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                       ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.LPVOID))

        paramflags = ((_In_, 'wszProperty'),
                      (_Out_, 'ppQualSet'),
                      )

        _GetPropertyQualifierSet = prototype(IWbemClassObject_GetPropertyQualifierSet_Idx,
                                             'GetPropertyQualifierSet',
                                             paramflags)
        _GetPropertyQualifierSet.errcheck = winapi.RAISE_NON_ZERO_ERR
        return_obj = _GetPropertyQualifierSet(self.this,
                                              property_param
                                              )
        try:
            return_obj = IWbemQualifierSet(return_obj)
        except WindowsError:
            return_obj = None
        return return_obj 

def GetNames(self, qualifier_name, flags, qualifier_val):
        prototype = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT,
                                       wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_long,
                                       ctypes.POINTER(winapi.VARIANT),
                                       ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.LPVOID))

        paramflags = ((_In_, 'wszQualifierName'),
                      (_In_, 'lFlags'),
                      (_In_, 'pQualifierVal'),
                      (_Out_, 'pNames'),
                      )

        _GetNames = prototype(IWbemClassObject_GetNames_Idx,
                              'GetNames',
                              paramflags)
        _GetNames.errcheck = winapi.RAISE_NON_ZERO_ERR
        return_obj = _GetNames(self.this,
                               qualifier_name,
                               flags,
                               ctypes.byref(qualifier_val) if qualifier_val else None
                               )
        return_obj = ctypes.cast(wintypes.LPVOID(return_obj), ctypes.POINTER(winapi.SAFEARRAY))
        return return_obj 

def Put(self, name, flags, val, type_param):
        prototype = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT,
                                       wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_long,
                                       ctypes.POINTER(winapi.VARIANT),
                                       CIMTYPE)

        paramflags = ((_In_, 'wszName'),
                      (_In_, 'lFlags'),
                      (_In_, 'pVal'),
                      (_In_, 'Type'),
                      )

        _Put = prototype(IWbemClassObject_Put_Idx,
                         'Put',
                         paramflags)
        _Put.errcheck = winapi.RAISE_NON_ZERO_ERR
        _Put(self.this,
             name,
             flags,
             ctypes.byref(val) if val else None,
             type_param
             ) 

def Get(self, name, flags):
        prototype = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT,
                                       wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_long,
                                       ctypes.POINTER(winapi.VARIANT),
                                       ctypes.POINTER(CIMTYPE),
                                       ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_long))

        paramflags = ((_In_, 'wszName'),
                      (_In_, 'lFlags'),
                      (_Out_, 'pVal'),
                      (_Out_, 'pType'),
                      (_Out_, 'plFlavor'),
                      )

        _Get = prototype(IWbemClassObject_Get_Idx,
                         'Get',
                         paramflags)
        _Get.errcheck = winapi.RAISE_NON_ZERO_ERR
        return_obj, return_obj2, return_obj3 = _Get(self.this,
                                                    name,
                                                    flags
                                                    )
        return return_obj, return_obj2, return_obj3 

def unicode_sys_argv():
    """Uses shell32.GetCommandLineArgvW to fix sys.argv as a list of
    unicode strings.
    """
    GetCommandLineW = ctypes.cdll.kernel32.GetCommandLineW
    GetCommandLineW.argtypes = []
    GetCommandLineW.restype = wintypes.LPCWSTR
    cmd_line = GetCommandLineW()

    CommandLineToArgvW = ctypes.windll.shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
    CommandLineToArgvW.argtypes = [wintypes.LPCWSTR,
                                   ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int)]
    CommandLineToArgvW.restype = ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.LPWSTR)
    argc = ctypes.c_int(0)
    argv = CommandLineToArgvW(cmd_line, ctypes.byref(argc))

    if argc.value:
        rng = xrange(argc.value - len(sys.argv), argc.value)
        sys.argv = [argv[i] for i in rng] 

def is_reparse_point(path: Union[str, pathlib.Path]) -> bool:
        GetFileAttributesW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR]
        GetFileAttributesW.restype = DWORD
        return _check_bit(GetFileAttributesW(str(path)), stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) 

def cmdline_argv():
        """
        Uses shell32.GetCommandLineArgvW to get sys.argv as a list of Unicode
        strings.

        Versions 2.x of Python don't support Unicode in sys.argv on Windows,
        with the underlying Windows API instead replacing multi-byte characters
        with '?'.
        """
        from ctypes import POINTER, byref, cdll, c_int, windll
        from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR, LPWSTR

        GetCommandLineW = cdll.kernel32.GetCommandLineW
        GetCommandLineW.argtypes = []
        GetCommandLineW.restype = LPCWSTR

        CommandLineToArgvW = windll.shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
        CommandLineToArgvW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int)]
        CommandLineToArgvW.restype = POINTER(LPWSTR)

        cmd = GetCommandLineW()
        argc = c_int(0)
        raw_argv = CommandLineToArgvW(cmd, byref(argc))
        argnum = argc.value
        sysnum = len(sys.argv)
        argv = []
        if argnum > 0:
            # Remove Python executable and commands if present
            start = argnum - sysnum
            for i in range(start, argnum):
                argv.append(raw_argv[i])
        return argv 

def win32_utf8_argv():
    """Uses shell32.GetCommandLineArgvW to get sys.argv as a list of Unicode
    strings.

    Versions 2.x of Python don't support Unicode in sys.argv on
    Windows, with the underlying Windows API instead replacing multi-byte
    characters with '?'.
    """

    from ctypes import POINTER, byref, cdll, c_int, windll
    from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR, LPWSTR

    GetCommandLineW = cdll.kernel32.GetCommandLineW
    GetCommandLineW.argtypes = []
    GetCommandLineW.restype = LPCWSTR

    CommandLineToArgvW = windll.shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
    CommandLineToArgvW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int)]
    CommandLineToArgvW.restype = POINTER(LPWSTR)

    cmd = GetCommandLineW()
    argc = c_int(0)
    argv = CommandLineToArgvW(cmd, byref(argc))
    argnum = argc.value
    sysnum = len(sys.argv)
    result = []
    if argnum > 0:
        # Remove Python executable and commands if present
        start = argnum - sysnum
        for i in range(start, argnum):
            result.append(argv[i].encode('utf-8'))
    return result


# enable unicode output to windows console
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/878972/windows-cmd-encoding-change-causes-python-crash 

def send2trash(path):
    if not isinstance(path, text_type):
        path = text_type(path, 'mbcs')
    if not op.isabs(path):
        path = op.abspath(path)
    path = get_short_path_name(path)
    fileop = SHFILEOPSTRUCTW()
    fileop.hwnd = 0
    fileop.wFunc = FO_DELETE
    # FIX: https://github.com/hsoft/send2trash/issues/17
    # Starting in python 3.6.3 it is no longer possible to use:
    # LPCWSTR(path + '\0') directly as embedded null characters are no longer
    # allowed in strings
    # Workaround
    #  - create buffer of c_wchar[] (LPCWSTR is based on this type)
    #  - buffer is two c_wchar characters longer (double null terminator)
    #  - cast the address of the buffer to a LPCWSTR
    # NOTE: based on how python allocates memory for these types they should
    # always be zero, if this is ever not true we can go back to explicitly
    # setting the last two characters to null using buffer[index] = '\0'.
    buffer = create_unicode_buffer(path, len(path)+2)
    fileop.pFrom = LPCWSTR(addressof(buffer))
    fileop.pTo = None
    fileop.fFlags = FOF_ALLOWUNDO | FOF_NOCONFIRMATION | FOF_NOERRORUI | FOF_SILENT
    fileop.fAnyOperationsAborted = 0
    fileop.hNameMappings = 0
    fileop.lpszProgressTitle = None
    result = SHFileOperationW(byref(fileop))
    if result:
        raise WindowsError(None, None, path, result) 

def send2trash(path):
    if not isinstance(path, text_type):
        path = text_type(path, 'mbcs')
    if not op.isabs(path):
        path = op.abspath(path)
    path = get_short_path_name(path)
    fileop = SHFILEOPSTRUCTW()
    fileop.hwnd = 0
    fileop.wFunc = FO_DELETE
    # FIX: https://github.com/hsoft/send2trash/issues/17
    # Starting in python 3.6.3 it is no longer possible to use:
    # LPCWSTR(path + '\0') directly as embedded null characters are no longer
    # allowed in strings
    # Workaround
    #  - create buffer of c_wchar[] (LPCWSTR is based on this type)
    #  - buffer is two c_wchar characters longer (double null terminator)
    #  - cast the address of the buffer to a LPCWSTR
    # NOTE: based on how python allocates memory for these types they should
    # always be zero, if this is ever not true we can go back to explicitly
    # setting the last two characters to null using buffer[index] = '\0'.
    buffer = create_unicode_buffer(path, len(path)+2)
    fileop.pFrom = LPCWSTR(addressof(buffer))
    fileop.pTo = None
    fileop.fFlags = FOF_ALLOWUNDO | FOF_NOCONFIRMATION | FOF_NOERRORUI | FOF_SILENT
    fileop.fAnyOperationsAborted = 0
    fileop.hNameMappings = 0
    fileop.lpszProgressTitle = None
    result = SHFileOperationW(byref(fileop))
    if result:
        raise WindowsError(result, FormatError(result), path) 

def main(argv=None):
    # Workaround for a bug in Python 2.7 where sys.argv arguments are converted to ASCII and
    # non-ascii characters are replaced with '?'.
    #
    # https://bugs.python.org/issue2128
    # https://stackoverflow.com/q/846850/
    if sys.version_info[0] == 2 and sys.platform.startswith('win32'):
        def win32_unicode_argv():
            """Uses shell32.GetCommandLineArgvW to get sys.argv as a list of Unicode strings.
            """

            from ctypes import POINTER, byref, cdll, c_int, windll
            from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR, LPWSTR

            GetCommandLineW = cdll.kernel32.GetCommandLineW
            GetCommandLineW.argtypes = []
            GetCommandLineW.restype = LPCWSTR

            CommandLineToArgvW = windll.shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
            CommandLineToArgvW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int)]
            CommandLineToArgvW.restype = POINTER(LPWSTR)

            cmd = GetCommandLineW()
            argc = c_int(0)
            argv = CommandLineToArgvW(cmd, byref(argc))
            if argc.value > 0:
                # Remove Python executable and commands if present
                start = argc.value - len(sys.argv)
                return [argv[i] for i in
                        xrange(start, argc.value)]

        sys.argv = win32_unicode_argv()

    cli(argv if argv is not None else sys.argv[1:]) 

def win32_utf8_argv():
    """Uses shell32.GetCommandLineArgvW to get sys.argv as a list of Unicode
    strings.

    Versions 2.x of Python don't support Unicode in sys.argv on
    Windows, with the underlying Windows API instead replacing multi-byte
    characters with '?'.
    """

    from ctypes import POINTER, byref, cdll, c_int, windll
    from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR, LPWSTR

    GetCommandLineW = cdll.kernel32.GetCommandLineW
    GetCommandLineW.argtypes = []
    GetCommandLineW.restype = LPCWSTR

    CommandLineToArgvW = windll.shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
    CommandLineToArgvW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int)]
    CommandLineToArgvW.restype = POINTER(LPWSTR)

    cmd = GetCommandLineW()
    argc = c_int(0)
    argv = CommandLineToArgvW(cmd, byref(argc))
    argnum = argc.value
    sysnum = len(sys.argv)
    result = []
    if argnum > 0:
        # Remove Python executable and commands if present
        start = argnum - sysnum
        for i in range(start, argnum):
            result.append(argv[i].encode('utf-8'))
    return result


# enable unicode output to windows console
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/878972/windows-cmd-encoding-change-causes-python-crash 

def bridge_running(product):
    """ Check if the R ArcGIS bridge is running. Installation wil fail
    if the DLL is currently loaded."""
    running = False
    # check for the correct DLL
    if product == 'Pro':
        proxy_name = "rarcproxy_pro.dll"
    else:
        proxy_name = "rarcproxy.dll"
    kdll.GetModuleHandleW.restype = wintypes.HMODULE
    kdll.GetModuleHandleW.argtypes = [wintypes.LPCWSTR]
    dll_handle = kdll.GetModuleHandleW(proxy_name)  # memory address of DLL
    if dll_handle is not None:
        running = True
    return running 

def wide2utf8(self, fn):
        """Take a unicode file name string and encode it to a multibyte string
        that Windows can use to represent file names (CP65001, UTF-8)
        http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd374130"""

        from ctypes import wintypes

        _CP_UTF8 = 65001
        _CP_ACP = 0  # ANSI
        _LPBOOL = POINTER(c_long)

        _wideCharToMultiByte = windll.kernel32.WideCharToMultiByte
        _wideCharToMultiByte.restype = c_int
        _wideCharToMultiByte.argtypes = [wintypes.UINT, wintypes.DWORD,
                                         wintypes.LPCWSTR, c_int,
                                         wintypes.LPSTR, c_int,
                                         wintypes.LPCSTR, _LPBOOL]
        codePage = _CP_UTF8
        dwFlags = 0
        lpWideCharStr = fn
        cchWideChar = len(fn)
        lpMultiByteStr = None
        cbMultiByte = 0  # zero requests size
        lpDefaultChar = None
        lpUsedDefaultChar = None

        # get size
        mbcssize = _wideCharToMultiByte(
        codePage, dwFlags, lpWideCharStr, cchWideChar, lpMultiByteStr,
        cbMultiByte, lpDefaultChar, lpUsedDefaultChar)
        if mbcssize <= 0:
            raise WinError(mbcssize)
        lpMultiByteStr = create_string_buffer(mbcssize)

        # convert
        retcode = _wideCharToMultiByte(
        codePage, dwFlags, lpWideCharStr, cchWideChar, lpMultiByteStr,
        mbcssize, lpDefaultChar, lpUsedDefaultChar)
        if retcode <= 0:
            raise WinError(retcode)
        return lpMultiByteStr.value 

def listener():
    try:
        #print("LLHookey: in listener")
        from ctypes import windll, CFUNCTYPE, POINTER, c_int, c_void_p, byref
        import atexit
        event_types = {0x100: 'key down', #WM_KeyDown for normal keys
           0x101: 'key up', #WM_KeyUp for normal keys
           0x104: 'key down', # WM_SYSKEYDOWN, used for Alt key.
           0x105: 'key up', # WM_SYSKEYUP, used for Alt key.
          }
        def low_level_handler(nCode, wParam, lParam):
            
            event = KeyEvent(event_types[wParam], lParam[0], lParam[1],
                              lParam[2] == 32, lParam[3])
            for h in handlers:
                h(event)
            #Be nice, return next hook
            return windll.user32.CallNextHookEx(hook_id, nCode, wParam, lParam)
    
        
        # Our low level handler signature.
        CMPFUNC = CFUNCTYPE(c_int, c_int, c_int, POINTER(c_void_p))
        # Convert the Python handler into C pointer.
        pointer = CMPFUNC(low_level_handler)
        #Added 4-18-15 for move to ctypes:
        windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleW.restype = wintypes.HMODULE
        windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleW.argtypes = [wintypes.LPCWSTR]
        # Hook both key up and key down events for common keys (non-system).
        hook_id = windll.user32.SetWindowsHookExA(0x00D, pointer,
                                                 windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleW(None), 0)
    
        # Register to remove the hook when the interpreter exits.
        atexit.register(windll.user32.UnhookWindowsHookEx, hook_id)
        msg = windll.user32.GetMessageW(None, 0, 0,0)
        windll.user32.TranslateMessage(byref(msg))
        windll.user32.DispatchMessageW(byref(msg))
    except:
        traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stdout) 

def WlanGetProfile(hClientHandle, pInterfaceGuid, profileName):
    """
        The WlanGetProfile function retrieves all information about a specified
        wireless profile.

        DWORD WINAPI WlanGetProfile(
            _In_         HANDLE hClientHandle,
            _In_         const GUID *pInterfaceGuid,
            _In_         LPCWSTR strProfileName,
            _Reserved_   PVOID pReserved,
            _Out_        LPWSTR *pstrProfileXml,
            _Inout_opt_  DWORD *pdwFlags,
            _Out_opt_    PDWORD pdwGrantedAccess
        );
    """
    func_ref = wlanapi.WlanGetProfile
    func_ref.argtypes = [HANDLE,
                         POINTER(GUID),
                         LPCWSTR,
                         c_void_p,
                         POINTER(LPWSTR),
                         POINTER(DWORD),
                         POINTER(DWORD)]
    func_ref.restype = DWORD
    pdw_granted_access = DWORD()
    xml = LPWSTR()
    flags = DWORD(WLAN_PROFILE_GET_PLAINTEXT_KEY)
    result = func_ref(hClientHandle,
                      byref(pInterfaceGuid),
                      profileName,
                      None,
                      byref(xml),
                      byref(flags),
                      byref(pdw_granted_access))
    if result != ERROR_SUCCESS:
        raise Exception("WlanGetProfile failed.")
    return xml 

def win32_unicode_argv():
    """Uses shell32.GetCommandLineArgvW to get sys.argv as a list of Unicode
    strings.

    Versions 2.x of Python don't support Unicode in sys.argv on
    Windows, with the underlying Windows API instead replacing multi-byte
    characters with '?'.
    """

    from ctypes import POINTER, byref, cdll, c_int, windll
    from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR, LPWSTR

    GetCommandLineW = cdll.kernel32.GetCommandLineW
    GetCommandLineW.argtypes = []
    GetCommandLineW.restype = LPCWSTR

    CommandLineToArgvW = windll.shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
    CommandLineToArgvW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int)]
    CommandLineToArgvW.restype = POINTER(LPWSTR)

    cmd = GetCommandLineW()
    argc = c_int(0)
    argv = CommandLineToArgvW(cmd, byref(argc))
    if argc.value > 0:
        # Remove Python executable and commands if present
        start = argc.value - len(sys.argv)
        return [argv[i] for i in
                xrange(start, argc.value)] 

def DeleteMethod(self, name):
        prototype = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(HRESULT,
                                       wintypes.LPCWSTR)

        paramflags = ((_In_, 'wszName'),
                      )

        _DeleteMethod = prototype(IWbemClassObject_DeleteMethod_Idx,
                                  'DeleteMethod',
                                  paramflags)
        _DeleteMethod.errcheck = winapi.RAISE_NON_ZERO_ERR
        _DeleteMethod(self.this,
                      name
                      )